I`dal 2101
When two or more links are omitted in the isnad. (Source:Taha Publication)

I`jaz 3298
Inimitability of the qur' an. there have been three ways of stating it. the argument of sarfa: Allah turns people away from imitating the qur'an, associated with the mu'tazilite an-nazzam (d. c. 241/835); the contents of the qur'an make it inimitable, stated by al jahiz (d. 271/864); and the third is based on the inimitability of the language itself, which no one can imitate even if they try to do so. (Source:Taha Publication)

I`lam al-muwaqqi`in 2353
By ibn al-qayyim al-jawziyya (d. 751/1350), a major work on usul al-fiqh. (Source:Taha Publication)

I`rab 3304
Grammatical inflection; the rules for the vowel endings. (Source:Taha Publication)

I`sar 1147
Insolvency. (Source:Taha Publication)

I`tibar 2114
"Consideration," seeking ways of strengthening support for a hadith from a single source. (Source:Taha Publication)

I`tigad 2483
Belief, being convinced about the truth of something. (Source:Taha Publication)

I`tikaf 679
Seclusion, while fasting, in a mosque, particularly in the last ten days of ramadan. (Source:Taha Publication)

I`tizal 2484
Lit. "withdrawal", the theology of that group which withdrew from the circle of hasan al-basri and came to be known as the mu `tazilites. (Source:Taha Publication)

Ibadah (ee-baa-dah) 269
Literally, "worship," this term refers to any and all acts which demonstrate obedience and commitment to God. Thus in Islam, visiting the sick, giving charity, hugging one's spouse, or any other good act is considered an act of ibadah. (Source:CIE)

Ibadiya 2453
The followers of `abdullah ibn ibad. they are the most balanced of the kharijites and the closest to the muslims in opinon and thought. they maintain the distinction between kufr ni`ma and kufr shirk. they assert that every sin is kufr ni `ma and that grave sinners will be in the fire forever. (Source:Taha Publication)

Ibaha 647
Permissibility. (Source:Taha Publication)

Ibda` 1133
Type of informal commercial collaboration in which one party entrusts his goods to the care of another, usually to be sold, after which the latter, without any compensation, commission or profit, returns the proceeds of the transaction to the first party. (Source:Taha Publication)

Iblis (ib-lees) 270
The personal name of Satan, or the devil, as found in the Qur'an. Iblis is believed to be a prominent member of the jinn, a class of God's creation. He rebelled against God and was cast out from Heaven. God warns human beings repeatedly in the Qur'an that Iblis is an avowed enemy of humankind, whose temptations must be resisted in order to stay on the "Straight Path." (Source:CIE)

Iblis 1516
The personal name of the devil. he is also called shaytan or the "enemy of Allah". (Source:Taha Publication)

Iblis 3436
The personal name of the devil. it means "seized by despair". he is also called shaytan or the "enemy of Allah". (Source:Taha Publication)

Ibn (ib-un) 271
Arabic term meaning "son of." Many famous Muslim men in history are known by a shortened version of their names begining with ibn. Examples include, Ibn Khaldun (a historian), Ibn Sina (a physician), Ibn Rushd (a judge and philosopher), and Ibn Battuta (a world traveler). (Source:CIE)

Ibn 'abdi'l-barr 2220
An-numayri, abu 'umar, hafiz of the maghrib and shaykh al-islam, author of al-isti `ab. he was born in cordoba in 368/978 and died at the age of 95 in shatiba in 463/1071. an important hadith scholar, malikl scholar and author and a mujtahid, he was nicknamed the hadith scholar of the west. 'abdu'l-barr was the master of the people of his time in memory and precision. he was an expert on genealogy and history. ibn hazm said, "there is no one with more knowledge of the fiqh of hadith than him." he wrote a number of works, the most famous of which is al-isti'ab. he travelled throughout andalusia. he was appointed gadi several times. he also wrote the earliest major commentary on the muwatta' called al-istidhkar. (Source:Taha Publication)

Ibn 'abidin 2302
Muhammad amin ibn 'umar, born in damascus in 1198/1784. originally a shafi`i, he changed and became the hanafi imam of his time. his most famous work is the eight volume hashiyya radd al-muhtar, which is considered authoritative in the hanafi school. he wrote on various areas of knowledge and died in 1252/1836. (Source:Taha Publication)

Ibn 'ajiba 3195
Ahmad ibn Muhammad, born in morocco in 1160/1747, a maliki scholar, sufi and mufassir (al-bahr al-madid), one of the shadhiliya tariga, which he took from ad-dargawi by way of Muhammad buzaydi. he wrote seventeen commentaries on the hikam. he died in 'anjara, morocco in 1224/1809. (Source:Taha Publication)

Ibn `abbad ar-rundi 3193
A famous shadhili sufi, one of al-maqqari's disciples, he wrote a commentary on the hikam of ibn `ata'llah which made it widely known throughout the western muslim lands. he was born in ronda in 734/1332, studied in tlemcen and fez and eventually became imam of the qarawiyin madrasa in fes. he died in 793/1390. (Source:Taha Publication)

Ibn `abdi'l-barr 2271
An-numayri, abu 'umar, hafiz of the maghrib and shaykh al-islam. he was born in cordova in 368/978 and died at the age of 95 in shatiba in 463/1071. a major hadith scholar, maliki scholar, author, and mujtahid, he was nicknamed "the hadith scholar of the west". ibn hazm said, "there is no one with more knowledge of the fiqh of hadith than him." he wrote a number of works, the most famous of which is al-isti'ab. he travelled throughout andalusia and acted as qadi several times. he wrote the earliest major commentary on the muwatta' entitled al-istidhkdr. (Source:Taha Publication)

Ibn `abdu's-salam 2323
'Izz ibn 'abd as-salam as-sulami, "the sultan of the scholars", born in damascus in 577/1181. he was a shafi`i scholar and companion of imam abu'l-hasan ash-shadhili. his reputation was the stuff of legends. in damascus as the khatib, he refused to wear black, speak in saj ` or praise the princes. when as-salih isma`il made concessions to the crusaders, ibn `abdu's-salam condemned him from the minbar. he refused to compromise in any way whatsoever. he later resigned and retired to write a number of books on shafi'i fiqh, tafsir, and other legal areas. his masterpiece was qawa'id al-ahkamfi masalih al-anam. he died in 660/1262. (Source:Taha Publication)

Ibn `adi 2222
`Abdullah ibn 'adl al-jurjanl, (277/891 - 365/976). he wrote al-kamil, a general survey of the development of critical assessment of the narrators of hadith. (Source:Taha Publication)

Ibn `asakir 2223
`All, (d. 571/1176), author of tabyin and ta'rikh dimishq which contain biographies of transmitters. (Source:Taha Publication)

Ibn `ata'llah 3198
Ahmad ibn Muhammad, taju'd-din, abu fadl aliskandari, the sufi imam and author of the hikam, lata'if al-minan, miftah al-falah, and other works, thereby providing the shadhiliyya with their core literature. his shaykh was abu'1-`abbas al-mursi, whose shaykh was ash-shadhili. from alexandria, he moved to cairo where he died in 709/1309 around the age of sixty. he also taught in the al-azhar and the mansuriya madrasa. there was a famous debate between him and ibn taymiyya in 707/1307, in which ibn `ata'llah defended ibn al-`arabi. (Source:Taha Publication)

Ibn `atiyya 3517
Abu Muhammad `abdu'l-haqq ibn ghalib al-andalusi (481/1088-9 - c. 542/1147). a north african who abridged all the commentaries and selected the most likely interpretations in al-muharrir al-wajiz. this book is in general circulation in the western islamic world. al-qurtubi adopted his method. (Source:Taha Publication)

Ibn abi dunya 3194
A sufi in baghdad, (d. 281/894). he had a book entitled dhamm ad-dunya ("censuring this world"). (Source:Taha Publication)

Ibn abi shayba 2221
Abu bakr ibn abi shayba: the author of the musnad, al-musannaf and other books. based in kufa, iraq, ibn abi shayba was a major authority in hadith. abu zur'a, al-bukharl, muslim, and abu dawud all related from him. he died in muharram, 235/849. (Source:Taha Publication)

Ibn abi zayd al-qayrawani 2272
Abu Muhammad `abdullah, maliki faqih, 310/922 - 386/996. he was known as "shaykh al-faqih" and "little malik" and was the head of the maliki school in qayrawan. he wrote several books, including his risala, mukhtasar al-mudawwana, an abridgement of the mudawwana, and an-nawadir. (Source:Taha Publication)