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Sahih al-Bukhari 6047 (Book 78, Hadith 77) #5806
The Consequences of False Oaths and Cursing Believers

SUMMARY: This hadith explains that if someone swears by a religion other than Islam, they are not bound to fulfill the vow if it is false. It also states that suicide and cursing a believer is considered as murder, and accusing a believer of disbelief is also considered as killing them.

Narrated Thabit bin Ad-Dahhak: (who was one of the companions who gave the pledge of allegiance to the Prophet ﷺ underneath the tree (Al-Hudaibiya)) Allah's Messenger ﷺ said, "Whoever swears by a religion other than Islam (ie if somebody swears by saying that he is a non-Muslim eg, a Jew or a Christian, etc) in case he is telling a lie, he is really so if his oath is false, and a person is not bound to fulfill a vow about a thing which he does not possess. And if somebody commits suicide with anything in this world, he will be tortured with that very thing on the Day of Resurrection; And if somebody curses a believer, then his sin will be as if he murdered him; And whoever accuses a believer of Kufr (disbelief), then it is as if he killed him".
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَشَّارٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عُثْمَانُ بْنُ عُمَرَ، حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، عَنْ يَحْيَى بْنِ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ، عَنْ أَبِي قِلاَبَةَ، أَنَّ ثَابِتَ بْنَ الضَّحَّاكِ، وَكَانَ، مِنْ أَصْحَابِ الشَّجَرَةِ حَدَّثَهُ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ ‏ "‏ مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى مِلَّةٍ غَيْرِ الإِسْلاَمِ فَهْوَ كَمَا قَالَ، وَلَيْسَ عَلَى ابْنِ آدَمَ نَذْرٌ فِيمَا لاَ يَمْلِكُ، وَمَنْ قَتَلَ نَفْسَهُ بِشَىْءٍ فِي الدُّنْيَا عُذِّبَ بِهِ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ، وَمَنْ لَعَنَ مُؤْمِنًا فَهْوَ كَقَتْلِهِ، وَمَنْ قَذَفَ مُؤْمِنًا بِكُفْرٍ فَهْوَ كَقَتْلِهِ
TOPICS
false  *  oath  *  religion  *  suicide  *  cursing  *  accusing

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith explains the consequences of swearing by something other than Islam, committing suicide, cursing believers, or accusing them of disbelief. Swearing by something other than Islam can be seen as lying and one will not be held accountable for fulfilling such an oath if it is false. Similarly, suicide with anything in this world will result in being tortured with that same thing on the Day of Resurrection. Furthermore, cursing a believer or accusing them of disbelief are both seen as equivalent to murdering them in the eyes of Allah. These teachings emphasize how important it is to respect all believers regardless of their faith or beliefs and how serious any form of disrespect towards another person can be taken in the eyes of Allah.

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