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Sunan Ibn Majah 1209 (Book 5, Hadith 407) #30561
Praying with Certainty

SUMMARY: If one is uncertain about the number of Rakah they have prayed, they should assume it is the lesser amount and complete their prayer. Then, prostrate twice while sitting before saying Salam.

It was narrated that 'Abdur-Rahman bin 'Awf said: "I heard the Messenger of Allah say: 'If anyone of you is uncertain as to whether he has prayed one or two Rak’ah, let him assume it is one. If he is uncertain as to whether he has prayed two or three, let him assume it is two. If he is uncertain as to whether he has prayed three or four, let him assume it is three. Then let him complete what is left of his prayer, so that the doubt will be about what is more. Then let him prostrate twice while he is sitting, before the Taslim (saying the Salam).’"
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو يُوسُفَ الرَّقِّيُّ، مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ أَحْمَدَ الصَّيْدَلاَنِيُّ حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ إِسْحَاقَ، عَنْ مَكْحُولٍ، عَنْ كُرَيْبٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ عَوْفٍ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ـ ـ يَقُولُ ‏ "‏ إِذَا شَكَّ أَحَدُكُمْ فِي الثِّنْتَيْنِ وَالْوَاحِدَةِ فَلْيَجْعَلْهَا وَاحِدَةً وَإِذَا شَكَّ فِي الثِّنْتَيْنِ وَالثَّلاَثِ فَلْيَجْعَلْهَا ثِنْتَيْنِ وَإِذَا شَكَّ فِي الثَّلاَثِ وَالأَرْبَعِ فَلْيَجْعَلْهَا ثَلاَثًا ثُمَّ لْيُتِمَّ مَا بَقِيَ مِنْ صَلاَتِهِ حَتَّى يَكُونَ الْوَهْمُ فِي الزِّيَادَةِ ثُمَّ يَسْجُدْ سَجْدَتَيْنِ وَهُوَ جَالِسٌ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُسَلِّمَ

TOPICS
prayer  *  uncertainty  *  prostration  *  completion  *  salat  *  shakk  *  sajdah  *  tammam

QUICK LESSONS:
Strive to pray with certainty and clarity; Assume the lesser amount when uncertain; Prostrate twice while sitting before saying Salam; Be humble and sincere in worship towards Allah SWT.

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith teaches us that when we are praying, we should strive to do so with certainty and clarity. We should not be unsure of how many Rakahs we have prayed or if our prayer was done correctly. If one finds themselves in a situation where they are uncertain as to how many Rakahs they have prayed, then they should assume it is the lesser amount and complete their prayer accordingly. After completing their prayer, one must prostrate twice while sitting before saying Salam as an act of humility and submission to Allah SWT. This hadith also teaches us that even if we make mistakes in our prayers or find ourselves in a state of uncertainty, there are still ways for us to make up for it by being humble and sincere in our worship towards Allah SWT.

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