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Sahih al-Bukhari 2191 (Book 34, Hadith 138) #2101
Selling Fruits on 'Araya

SUMMARY: The Prophet (ﷺ) forbade the sale of fresh fruits for dried dates, but allowed the sale of fruits on 'Araya by estimation and their new owners could eat them fresh.

Narrated Sahl bin Abu Hathma: Allah's Messenger forbade the selling of fruits (fresh dates) for dried dates but allowed the sale of fruits on the 'Araya by estimation and their new owners might eat their dates fresh. Sufyan (in another narration) said, "I told Yahya (a sub-narrator) when I was a mere boy, 'Meccans say that the Prophet allowed them the sale of the fruits on 'Araya by estimation'. Yahya asked, 'How do the Meccans know about it?' I replied, 'They narrated it (from the Prophet ) through Jabir'. On that, Yahya kept quiet". Sufyan said, "I meant that Jabir belonged to Medina". Sufyan was asked whether in Jabir's narration there was any prohibition of selling fruits before their benefit is evident (ie no dangers of being spoilt or blighted). He replied that there was none.
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، قَالَ قَالَ يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ سَمِعْتُ بُشَيْرًا، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ سَهْلَ بْنَ أَبِي حَثْمَةَ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ نَهَى عَنْ بَيْعِ الثَّمَرِ بِالتَّمْرِ، وَرَخَّصَ فِي الْعَرِيَّةِ أَنْ تُبَاعَ بِخَرْصِهَا يَأْكُلُهَا أَهْلُهَا رُطَبًا‏.‏ وَقَالَ سُفْيَانُ مَرَّةً أُخْرَى إِلاَّ أَنَّهُ رَخَّصَ فِي الْعَرِيَّةِ يَبِيعُهَا أَهْلُهَا بِخَرْصِهَا، يَأْكُلُونَهَا رُطَبًا‏.‏ قَالَ هُوَ سَوَاءٌ‏.‏ قَالَ سُفْيَانُ فَقُلْتُ لِيَحْيَى وَأَنَا غُلاَمٌ إِنَّ أَهْلَ مَكَّةَ يَقُولُونَ إِنَّ النَّبِيَّ رَخَّصَ فِي بَيْعِ الْعَرَايَا‏.‏ فَقَالَ وَمَا يُدْرِي أَهْلَ مَكَّةَ قُلْتُ إِنَّهُمْ يَرْوُونَهُ عَنْ جَابِرٍ‏.‏ فَسَكَتَ‏.‏ قَالَ سُفْيَانُ إِنَّمَا أَرَدْتُ أَنَّ جَابِرًا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْمَدِينَةِ‏.‏ قِيلَ لِسُفْيَانَ وَلَيْسَ فِيهِ نَهْىٌ عَنْ بَيْعِ الثَّمَرِ حَتَّى يَبْدُوَ صَلاَحُهُ قَالَ لاَ‏.‏

TOPICS
bay  *  sale  *  fruits  *  estimation  *  fresh  *  fawakih  *  araya  *  tahir

QUICK LESSONS:
Pay a fair price for things you buy so that everyone involved in the transaction benefits from it equally .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about selling fruits. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ forbade the selling of fresh fruits for dried dates, but allowed the sale of fruits on 'Araya by estimation. This means that when someone buys a fruit, they can estimate its value based on how much it will be worth when it is ripe and ready to be eaten. The new owners can then eat their dates fresh. This hadith teaches us that we should not take advantage of people who are in need or desperate for something, as this is not fair or just. We should also make sure to pay a fair price for things we buy so that everyone involved in the transaction benefits from it equally.

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