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Sunan an-Nasai 4757 (Book 45, Hadith 52) #19290
Swearing By Allah and Retaliation

SUMMARY: The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) taught that if someone swears by Allah, Allah will fulfill their oath and that retaliation is prescribed by Allah.

It was narrated that Anas said: "Ar-Rubai broke the front tooth of a girls, and they asked them (her people) to forgive her, but they refused. They offered them blood money, but they refused. Then they went to the Prophet and he decreed relation. Anas Bin An-Nadr said: "O Messenger of Allah, will you break the front tooth of Ar-Rubai'? No, by the One Who sent you with the truth, it will not be broken!" He said: "O Anas, what Allah has decreed is retaliation". But the people agreed to forgive her. He (the Prophet) said: "There are among the slaves of Allah who, if they swear by Allah, Allah fulfills their oath".
أَخْبَرَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُثَنَّى، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدٌ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا حُمَيْدٌ، عَنْ أَنَسٍ، قَالَ كَسَرَتِ الرُّبَيِّعُ ثَنِيَّةَ جَارِيَةٍ فَطَلَبُوا إِلَيْهِمُ الْعَفْوَ فَأَبَوْا فَعُرِضَ عَلَيْهِمُ الأَرْشُ فَأَبَوْا فَأَتَوُا النَّبِيَّ فَأَمَرَ بِالْقِصَاصِ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَنَسُ بْنُ النَّضْرِ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ تُكْسَرُ ثَنِيَّةُ الرُّبَيِّعِ لاَ وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ لاَ تُكْسَرُ ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ يَا أَنَسُ كِتَابُ اللَّهِ الْقِصَاصُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَرَضِيَ الْقَوْمُ وَعَفَوْا فَقَالَ ‏"‏ إِنَّ مِنْ عِبَادِ اللَّهِ مَنْ لَوْ أَقْسَمَ عَلَى اللَّهِ لأَبَرَّهُ

TOPICS
oath  *  retaliation  *  decree  *  forgiveness

QUICK LESSONS:
Show mercy towards others even when you have been wronged yourself; Speak with sincerity and faith in God Almighty; Fulfill your oaths if you swear by Him; Treat both parties equally in terms of punishment or compensation for an injury done; Agree on forgiving instead of taking retribution .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith teaches us about the importance of swearing by Allah. It was narrated that Anas said a girl's front tooth was broken, and her people were asked to forgive her but refused. They offered blood money but were still refused. Then they went to the Prophet Muhammad who decreed relation, meaning he ordered them to forgive her in exchange for a certain amount of money or goods as compensation for the injury done. When Anas Bin An-Nadr asked if Ar-Rubai's tooth would be broken as well, the Prophet replied no because what Allah has decreed is retaliation which means both parties must be treated equally in terms of punishment or compensation for an injury done. In this case, since the girl's people agreed to forgive her instead of taking retribution, it shows us how important it is to show mercy and forgiveness towards others even when we have been wronged ourselves. The Prophet also taught us that there are some among slaves of Allah who if they swear by Him then He will fulfill their oaths which shows us how powerful our words can be when we speak with sincerity and faith in God Almighty.

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