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Sunan an-Nasai 4756 (Book 45, Hadith 51) #19289
Forgiveness in Lieu of Retaliation

SUMMARY: The Prophet of Allah decreed retaliation for a broken tooth, but the brother of the girl offered to forgive and take blood money instead. The people agreed to forgive when he swore an oath, and the Prophet said that there are some slaves of Allah whose oaths are fulfilled by Allah.

Anas narrated that: his paternal aunt broke the front tooth of a girl and the Prophet of Allah decreed retaliation. Her brother, Anas bin An-Nadr, said: "Will you break the front tooth of so and so? No, by the One Who sent you with the truth, the front tooth of so and so will not be broken!" Before that, they had asked her family for forgiveness and blood money. When her brother - who was the paternal uncle of Anas and was martyred at Uhud - swore that oath, the people agreed to forgive. The Prophet said: "There are among the slaves of Allah who, if they swear by Allah, Allah fulfills their oath".
أَخْبَرَنَا حُمَيْدُ بْنُ مَسْعَدَةَ، وَإِسْمَاعِيلُ بْنُ مَسْعُودٍ، قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا بِشْرٌ، عَنْ حُمَيْدٍ، قَالَ ذَكَرَ أَنَسٌ أَنَّ عَمَّتَهُ، كَسَرَتْ ثَنِيَّةَ جَارِيَةٍ فَقَضَى نَبِيُّ اللَّهِ بِالْقِصَاصِ فَقَالَ أَخُوهَا أَنَسُ بْنُ النَّضْرِ أَتُكْسَرُ ثَنِيَّةُ فُلاَنَةَ لاَ وَالَّذِي بَعَثَكَ بِالْحَقِّ لاَ تُكْسَرُ ثَنِيَّةُ فُلاَنَةَ ‏.‏ قَالَ وَكَانُوا قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ سَأَلُوا أَهْلَهَا الْعَفْوَ وَالأَرْشَ فَلَمَّا حَلَفَ أَخُوهَا - وَهُوَ عَمُّ أَنَسٍ وَهُوَ الشَّهِيدُ يَوْمَ أُحُدٍ - رَضِيَ الْقَوْمُ بِالْعَفْوِ ‏.‏ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ‏ "‏ إِنَّ مِنْ عِبَادِ اللَّهِ مَنْ لَوْ أَقْسَمَ عَلَى اللَّهِ لأَبَرَّهُ

TOPICS
oath  *  retaliation  *  forgiveness  *  slave  *  yamin  *  qisas  *  afw  *  aabd

QUICK LESSONS:
Consider forgiving those who have wronged you instead of seeking revenge or retribution; Make sincere promises with God's name; Strive for peaceful resolution between two parties who have been hurt or wronged each other in some way; Have faith in God's will when making promises with His name attached .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about forgiveness in lieu of retaliation. It tells us that if someone has wronged us, we should consider forgiving them instead of seeking revenge or retribution. In this hadith, a woman broke another woman's tooth and the Prophet decreed retaliation for it. However, her brother offered to forgive her and take blood money instead. When he swore an oath that he would not break her tooth, everyone agreed to forgive her. The Prophet then said that there are some slaves of Allah whose oaths are fulfilled by Him if they swear by Him. This teaches us that we should always strive for forgiveness rather than revenge or retribution as it is more pleasing to God and can bring peace between two parties who have been wronged or hurt each other in some way. We should also remember that our words have power; if we make an oath with sincerity then God will fulfill it according to His will.

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