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Sahih Muslim 1608b (Book 22, Hadith 167) #11240
Pre-emption in Joint Ownership

SUMMARY: This hadith explains the concept of pre-emption in joint ownership, where one partner cannot sell the property without the consent of the other partner.

Jabir bin 'Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them) said that the Messenger of Allah decreed pre-emption in every joint ownership and not divided-the one-it may be a dwelling or a garden. It is not lawful for him (for the partner) to sell that until his partner gives his consent. He (the partner) is entitled to buy it when he desires and he can abandon it if he so likes. And if he (the one partner) sells it without getting the consent of the (other partner), he has the greatest right to it.
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ نُمَيْرٍ، وَإِسْحَاقُ بْنُ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، - وَاللَّفْظُ لاِبْنِ نُمَيْرٍ - قَالَ إِسْحَاقُ أَخْبَرَنَا وَقَالَ الآخَرَانِ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ إِدْرِيسَ، حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ، عَنْ أَبِي الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، قَالَ قَضَى رَسُولُ اللَّهِ بِالشُّفْعَةِ فِي كُلِّ شِرْكَةٍ لَمْ تُقْسَمْ رَبْعَةٍ أَوْ حَائِطٍ ‏.‏ لاَ يَحِلُّ لَهُ أَنْ يَبِيعَ حَتَّى يُؤْذِنَ شَرِيكَهُ فَإِنْ شَاءَ أَخَذَ وَإِنْ شَاءَ تَرَكَ فَإِذَا بَاعَ وَلَمْ يُؤْذِنْهُ فَهْوَ أَحَقُّ بِهِ

TOPICS
ownership  *  property  *  consent  *  preemption

QUICK LESSONS:
Respect each other's rights and seek permission before making decisions affecting others involved with you in any way .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith explains a concept known as pre-emption in joint ownership, which is when two or more people own something together such as a house or garden. According to this hadith, it is not allowed for one partner to sell that property without getting consent from all partners involved. If one partner does sell it without getting consent from all partners, then they have the greatest right to buy it back if they choose to do so. Additionally, if they don't want to buy it back then they can abandon their rights and let someone else purchase it instead. This hadith teaches us that we should always respect each other's rights and get permission before making any decisions that affect others who are involved with us in any way.

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