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Sahih Muslim 1608c (Book 22, Hadith 168) #11241
The Right of Pre-emption

SUMMARY: This hadith explains the concept of pre-emption in which one partner has the right to buy out the other partner's share before it is sold to someone else.

Jabir b. 'Abdullah (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Messenger as saying: There is pre-emption in everything which is shared, be it land, or a dwelling or a garden. It is not proper to sell it until he informs his partner; he may go in for that, or he may abandon it; and it he (the partner intending to sell his share) does not do that, then his partner has the greatest right to it until he permits him.
وَحَدَّثَنِي أَبُو الطَّاهِرِ، أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، أَنَّ أَبَا الزُّبَيْرِ، أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ، سَمِعَ جَابِرَ بْنَ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، يَقُولُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ‏ "‏ الشُّفْعَةُ فِي كُلِّ شِرْكٍ فِي أَرْضٍ أَوْ رَبْعٍ أَوْ حَائِطٍ لاَ يَصْلُحُ أَنْ يَبِيعَ حَتَّى يَعْرِضَ عَلَى شَرِيكِهِ فَيَأْخُذَ أَوْ يَدَعَ فَإِنْ أَبَى فَشَرِيكُهُ أَحَقُّ بِهِ حَتَّى يُؤْذِنَهُ

TOPICS
share  *  partner  *  permission  *  preemption

QUICK LESSONS:
Inform your partner if you wish sell your share; Respect each other’s rights in any agreement made between partners; Be honest and fair with your partners; Give your partner an opportunity before selling your share elsewhere .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith explains a concept known as pre-emption, which is when two partners have an agreement or share something together, such as land, a dwelling or a garden. If one partner wishes to sell their share, they must first inform their partner and give them the opportunity to buy it out before selling it to someone else. If they do not do this then their partner has the greatest right to purchase it until they permit them otherwise. This teaches us that we should always be honest and fair with our partners and respect each other’s rights in any agreement we make together.

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