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Sahih al-Bukhari 4614 (Book 65, Hadith 136) #4397
Keeping Oaths and Legal Expiation

SUMMARY: This hadith explains that one should not break their oaths, but if they find something better than what they have promised, then they should accept Allah's permission and do the legal expiation for their oath.

Narrated Aisha: That her father (Abu Bakr) never broke his oath till Allah revealed the order of the legal expiation for oath. Abu Bakr said, "If I ever take an oath (to do something) and later find that to do something else is better, then I accept Allah's permission and do that which is better, (and do the legal expiation for my oath ) ".
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ أَبِي رَجَاءٍ، حَدَّثَنَا النَّضْرُ، عَنْ هِشَامٍ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي أَبِي، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ أَنَّ أَبَاهَا، كَانَ لاَ يَحْنَثُ فِي يَمِينٍ حَتَّى أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ كَفَّارَةَ الْيَمِينِ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ لاَ أَرَى يَمِينًا أُرَى غَيْرَهَا خَيْرًا مِنْهَا، إِلاَّ قَبِلْتُ رُخْصَةَ اللَّهِ، وَفَعَلْتُ الَّذِي هُوَ خَيْرٌ‏.‏

TOPICS
oath  *  expiation  *  permission

QUICK LESSONS:
Keep your word when you make a promise or take an oath; Seek Allah’s permission before making changes; Perform legal expiations for broken vows; Be honest and faithful with your commitments; Abide by Islamic teachings; Remain true believers in Islam .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith speaks about the importance of keeping one's oaths. It is narrated by Aisha that her father Abu Bakr never broke his oath until Allah revealed the order of legal expiation for an oath. Abu Bakr said that if he ever took an oath to do something and later found out that doing something else was better, then he would accept Allah's permission and do what was better while also doing the legal expiation for his broken oath. This hadith teaches us to be mindful of our promises and to keep our word when we make a promise or take an oath. If we find out later on that there is a better option than what we have promised, then it is important to seek Allah's permission before making any changes in order to avoid breaking our word or taking back our promises without proper justification. We must also remember to perform the legal expiations for any broken vows or promises in order to remain true believers in Islam who abide by its teachings.

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