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Sahih al-Bukhari 1979 (Book 30, Hadith 86) #1899
Moderation in Fasting & Praying

SUMMARY: The Prophet (ﷺ) advised Abdullah bin 'Amr bin Al-'As to not fast and pray excessively, as it can be detrimental to one's health. He suggested that fasting three days a month is equivalent to fasting the whole year, and that David used to fast on alternate days while still being able to fight in battle.

Narrated 'Abdullah bin 'Amr bin Al-'As: The Prophet said to me, "You fast daily all the year and pray every night all the night?" I replied in the affirmative. The Prophet said, "If you keep on doing this, your eyes will become weak and your body will get tired. He who fasts all the year is as he who did not fast at all. The fasting of three days (a month) will be equal to the fasting of the whole year". I replied, "I have the power for more than this". The Prophet said, "Then fast like the fasting of David who used to fast on alternate days and would never flee from the battle field, on meeting the enemy".
حَدَّثَنَا آدَمُ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا حَبِيبُ بْنُ أَبِي ثَابِتٍ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ أَبَا الْعَبَّاسِ الْمَكِّيَّ ـ وَكَانَ شَاعِرًا وَكَانَ لاَ يُتَّهَمُ فِي حَدِيثِهِ ـ قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ قَالَ قَالَ لِي النَّبِيُّ ‏"‏ إِنَّكَ لَتَصُومُ الدَّهْرَ، وَتَقُومُ اللَّيْلَ ‏"‏‏.‏ فَقُلْتُ نَعَمْ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ إِنَّكَ إِذَا فَعَلْتَ ذَلِكَ هَجَمَتْ لَهُ الْعَيْنُ وَنَفِهَتْ لَهُ النَّفْسُ، لاَ صَامَ مَنْ صَامَ الدَّهْرَ، صَوْمُ ثَلاَثَةِ أَيَّامٍ صَوْمُ الدَّهْرِ كُلِّهِ ‏"‏‏.‏ قُلْتُ فَإِنِّي أُطِيقُ أَكْثَرَ مِنْ ذَلِكَ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ فَصُمْ صَوْمَ دَاوُدَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ كَانَ يَصُومُ يَوْمًا وَيُفْطِرُ يَوْمًا، وَلاَ يَفِرُّ إِذَا لاَقَى

TOPICS
moderation  *  fasting  *  praying  *  practices  *  istiqraar  *  qiyaam

QUICK LESSONS:
Practice moderation when it comes religious practices such as fasting and praying; do not exhaust yourself unnecessarily by overdoing them .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about moderation when it comes to fasting and praying. The Prophet (ﷺ) advised Abdullah bin 'Amr bin Al-'As not to overdo his religious practices, as this could lead him towards exhaustion of his body and weakening of his eyesight. He suggested that if one were able to do so, they should fast three days a month instead of the entire year; this would be equivalent in reward. Furthermore, he mentioned the example of David who used to fast on alternate days but was still able fight in battle without fleeing from the field when meeting an enemy. This hadith teaches us that we should practice moderation when it comes our religious practices; we should not overdo them or exhaust ourselves unnecessarily as this will have negative effects on our physical health and wellbeing. We must also remember that even if we are unable or unwilling for whatever reason, Allah will forgive us for our shortcomings if we are sincere with Him in our intentions and actions.

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