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Sunan an-Nasai 4057 (Book 37, Hadith 92) #18590
Shedding Blood of a Muslim

SUMMARY: It is not permissible to shed the blood of a Muslim except in three cases: adultery, intentional murder, and apostasy.

It was narrated from Ibn 'Umar that: 'Uthman said: "I heard the Messenger of Allah SAW say: 'It is not permissible to shed the blood of a Muslim except in three cases: A man who commits adultery after having married; or one who kills intentionally, in which case he deserves retaliation; or one who apostatizes after having become Muslim, in which case he deserves to be killed'."
أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو الأَزْهَرِ، أَحْمَدُ بْنُ الأَزْهَرِ النَّيْسَابُورِيُّ قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ سُلَيْمَانَ الرَّازِيُّ، قَالَ أَنْبَأَنَا الْمُغِيرَةُ بْنُ مُسْلِمٍ، عَنْ مَطَرٍ الْوَرَّاقِ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، أَنَّ عُثْمَانَ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ ‏ "‏ لاَ يَحِلُّ دَمُ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ إِلاَّ بِإِحْدَى ثَلاَثٍ رَجُلٌ زَنَى بَعْدَ إِحْصَانِهِ فَعَلَيْهِ الرَّجْمُ أَوْ قَتَلَ عَمْدًا فَعَلَيْهِ الْقَوَدُ أَوِ ارْتَدَّ بَعْدَ إِسْلاَمِهِ فَعَلَيْهِ الْقَتْلُ

TOPICS
dam  *  blood  *  permissible  *  adultery  *  murder  *  apostasy  *  mubah  *  zina  *  qatleamd  *  riddah

QUICK LESSONS:
Respect for life; follow Islamic law; take action only when necessary; avoid bloodshed unless absolutely necessary .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith explains that it is not permissible to shed the blood of a Muslim except in three cases. The first case is adultery after having married. The second case is intentional murder, which deserves retaliation. The third case is apostatizing after having become Muslim, which deserves death as punishment. This hadith teaches us that we should respect the life of every human being and only take action when necessary according to Islamic law.

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