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Sunan an-Nasai 4058 (Book 37, Hadith 93) #18591
Shedding Blood of a Muslim

SUMMARY: It is not permissible to shed the blood of a Muslim except in three cases: adultery, murder, and apostasy.

It was narrated that 'Uthman bin 'Affan said: "I heard the Messenger of Allah SAW say: 'It is not permissible to shed the blood of a Muslim except in three cases: A man who commits adultery after having married; or one who kills another person, who is to be killed; or who reverts to Kufr after having accepted Islam, who is to be killed'."
أَخْبَرَنَا مُؤَمَّلُ بْنُ إِهَابٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ، عَنْ أَبِي النَّضْرِ، عَنْ بُسْرِ بْنِ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ عُثْمَانَ بْنِ عَفَّانَ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ ‏ "‏ لاَ يَحِلُّ دَمُ امْرِئٍ مُسْلِمٍ إِلاَّ بِثَلاَثٍ أَنْ يَزْنِيَ بَعْدَ مَا أُحْصِنَ أَوْ يَقْتُلَ إِنْسَانًا فَيُقْتَلُ أَوْ يَكْفُرَ بَعْدَ إِسْلاَمِهِ فَيُقْتَلُ

TOPICS
dam  *  muslim  *  shedding  *  blood  *  adultery  *  murder  *  apostasy  *  tasfir  *  zina  *  qatl  *  riddah

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EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about the permissibility of shedding the blood of a Muslim. The Prophet Muhammad [SAW] said that it is only permissible to shed the blood of a Muslim in three cases; adultery, murder, and apostasy. Adultery refers to when someone has married but then commits an act that violates their marriage vows such as having sexual relations with someone other than their spouse. Murder refers to when one person kills another person without any legal justification or permission from Allah [SWT]. Apostasy refers to when someone who has accepted Islam decides to leave it and revert back to disbelief or Kufr. In all these cases, it is permissible for Muslims to shed the blood of those who have committed these acts as long as they are done according to Islamic law and with permission from Allah [SWT].

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