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Sahih al-Bukhari 46 (Book 2, Hadith 39) #46
The Pillars of Islam

SUMMARY: A man from Najd asked the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) about the pillars of Islam and was told to pray five times a day, fast during Ramadan, and pay Zakat. He said he would do no more or less than that and the Prophet (ﷺ) said if he kept his word he would be successful.

Narrated Talha bin 'Ubaidullah: A man from Najd with unkempt hair came to Allah's Messenger ﷺ and we heard his loud voice but could not understand what he was saying, till he came near and then we came to know that he was asking about Islam. Allah's Messenger ﷺ said, "You have to offer prayers perfectly five times in a day and night (24 hours)". The man asked, "Is there any more (praying)?" Allah's Messenger ﷺ replied, "No, but if you want to offer the Nawafil prayers (you can)". Allah's Messenger ﷺ further said to him: "You have to observe fasts during the month of Ramadan". The man asked, "Is there any more fasting?" Allah's Messenger ﷺ replied, "No, but if you want to observe the Nawafil fasts (you can)" Then Allah's Messenger ﷺ further said to him, "You have to pay the Zakat (obligatory charity)". The man asked, "Is there any thing other than the Zakat for me to pay?" Allah's Messenger ﷺ replied, "No, unless you want to give alms of your own". And then that man retreated saying, "By Allah! I will neither do less nor more than this". Allah's Messenger ﷺ said, "If what he said is true, then he will be successful (ie he will be granted Paradise)".
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْمَاعِيلُ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي مَالِكُ بْنُ أَنَسٍ، عَنْ عَمِّهِ أَبِي سُهَيْلِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ طَلْحَةَ بْنَ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ، يَقُولُ جَاءَ رَجُلٌ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِنْ أَهْلِ نَجْدٍ، ثَائِرُ الرَّأْسِ، يُسْمَعُ دَوِيُّ صَوْتِهِ، وَلاَ يُفْقَهُ مَا يَقُولُ حَتَّى دَنَا، فَإِذَا هُوَ يَسْأَلُ عَنِ الإِسْلاَمِ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ـ ﷺ ‏"‏ خَمْسُ صَلَوَاتٍ فِي الْيَوْمِ وَاللَّيْلَةِ ‏"‏‏.‏ فَقَالَ هَلْ عَلَىَّ غَيْرُهَا قَالَ ‏"‏ لاَ، إِلاَّ أَنْ تَطَوَّعَ ‏"‏‏.‏ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ ‏"‏ وَصِيَامُ رَمَضَانَ ‏"‏‏.‏ قَالَ هَلْ عَلَىَّ غَيْرُهُ قَالَ ‏"‏ لاَ، إِلاَّ أَنْ تَطَوَّعَ ‏"‏‏.‏ قَالَ وَذَكَرَ لَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ الزَّكَاةَ‏.‏ قَالَ هَلْ عَلَىَّ غَيْرُهَا قَالَ ‏"‏ لاَ، إِلاَّ أَنْ تَطَوَّعَ ‏"‏‏.‏ قَالَ فَأَدْبَرَ الرَّجُلُ وَهُوَ يَقُولُ وَاللَّهِ لاَ أَزِيدُ عَلَى هَذَا وَلاَ أَنْقُصُ‏.‏ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ ‏"‏ أَفْلَحَ إِنْ صَدَقَ
TOPICS
prayer  *  fasting  *  charity  *  success

QUICK LESSONS:
Offer prayers perfectly five times in 24 hours , Observe fasts during month of Ramadan , Pay obligatory charity .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about the three pillars of Islam which are prayer, fasting, and charity. It is narrated by Talha bin 'Ubaidullah who was one of the companions of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. In this hadith a man from Najd came to ask about Islam and what it entails. The Prophet ﷺ told him that he must pray five times a day, fast during Ramadan, and pay Zakat as obligatory charity. The man then said that he will do no more or less than this and the Prophet ﷺ replied that if what he said is true then he will be successful in his faith journey towards Allah SWT's pleasure. This hadith teaches us that we should strive to fulfill our obligations as Muslims with sincerity in order to gain success in our faith journey towards Allah SWT's pleasure. We should also remember that we can perform extra acts such as voluntary prayers or fasting but these are not compulsory for us to do so unless we choose to do them out of our own free will for extra reward from Allah SWT .

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