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Sahih al-Bukhari 4498 (Book 65, Hadith 25) #4286
The Law of Qisas and Blood Money

SUMMARY: Allah prescribed the law of Qisas (equality in punishment) for Muslims, but if the relatives of the killed person forgive their killer, then they should demand blood-money in a reasonable manner and the killer must pay with gratitude.

Narrated Ibn 'Abbas: The law of Qisas (ie equality in punishment) was prescribed for the children of Israel, but the Diya (ie blood money was not ordained for them). So Allah said to this Nation (ie Muslims): "O you who believe! The law of Al-Qisas (ie equality in punishment) is prescribed for you in cases of murder: The free for the free, the slave for the slave, and the female for the female. But if the relatives (or one of them) of the killed (person) forgive their brother (ie the killers something of Qisas (ie not to kill the killer by accepting blood money in the case of intentional murder)----then the relatives (of the killed person) should demand blood-money in a reasonable manner and the killer must pay with handsome gratitude. This is an Allevitation and a Mercy from your Lord, (in comparison to what was prescribed for the nations before you). So after this, whoever transgresses the limits (ie to kill the killer after taking the blood-money) shall have a painful torment". (2:178)
حَدَّثَنَا الْحُمَيْدِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرٌو، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ مُجَاهِدًا، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ يَقُولُ كَانَ فِي بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ الْقِصَاصُ، وَلَمْ تَكُنْ فِيهِمُ الدِّيَةُ فَقَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى لِهَذِهِ الأُمَّةِ ‏{‏كُتِبَ عَلَيْكُمُ الْقِصَاصُ فِي الْقَتْلَى الْحُرُّ بِالْحُرِّ وَالْعَبْدُ بِالْعَبْدِ وَالأُنْثَى بِالأُنْثَى فَمَنْ عُفِيَ لَهُ مِنْ أَخِيهِ شَىْءٌ‏}‏ فَالْعَفْوُ أَنْ يَقْبَلَ الدِّيَةَ فِي الْعَمْدِ ‏{‏فَاتِّبَاعٌ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَأَدَاءٌ إِلَيْهِ بِإِحْسَانٍ‏}‏ يَتَّبِعُ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ وَيُؤَدِّي بِإِحْسَانٍ، ‏{‏ذَلِكَ تَخْفِيفٌ مِنْ رَبِّكُمْ‏}‏ وَرَحْمَةٌ مِمَّا كُتِبَ عَلَى مَنْ كَانَ قَبْلَكُمْ‏.‏ ‏{‏فَمَنِ اعْتَدَى بَعْدَ ذَلِكَ فَلَهُ عَذَابٌ أَلِيمٌ‏}‏ قَتَلَ بَعْدَ قَبُولِ الدِّيَةِ‏.‏

TOPICS
money  *  punishment  *  mercy  *  qisas

QUICK LESSONS:
Demand blood money in a reasonable manner; Pay with gratitude; Follow limits set by Allah; Respect mercy given by Allah
EXPLANATIONS:
Allah has prescribed a law called Qisas for Muslims which is an equality in punishment. This means that if someone kills another person, then they will be punished with death as well. However, if the relatives of the killed person forgive their killer, then they can demand blood-money instead. This money should be paid by the killer with gratitude as it is an alleviation from Allah and a mercy to them compared to what was prescribed before Islam. If anyone transgresses these limits after this, then they will face a painful torment from Allah.

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