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Sahih al-Bukhari 3397 (Book 60, Hadith 70) #3248
Fasting on the Day of 'Ashura'

SUMMARY: The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) found the Jews fasting on the day of 'Ashura' and said that he was closer to Moses than them, so he ordered Muslims to fast on that day as a sign of gratitude to Allah.

Narrated Ibn 'Abbas: When the Prophet came to Medina, he found (the Jews) fasting on the day of 'Ashura' (ie 10th of Muharram). They used to say: "This is a great day on which Allah saved Moses and drowned the folk of Pharaoh. Moses observed the fast on this day, as a sign of gratitude to Allah". The Prophet said, "I am closer to Moses than they". So, he observed the fast (on that day) and ordered the Muslims to fast on it.
حَدَّثَنَا عَلِيُّ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ، حَدَّثَنَا أَيُّوبُ السَّخْتِيَانِيُّ، عَنِ ابْنِ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ ـ رضى الله عنهما أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ لَمَّا قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ وَجَدَهُمْ يَصُومُونَ يَوْمًا، يَعْنِي عَاشُورَاءَ، فَقَالُوا هَذَا يَوْمٌ عَظِيمٌ، وَهْوَ يَوْمٌ نَجَّى اللَّهُ فِيهِ مُوسَى، وَأَغْرَقَ آلَ فِرْعَوْنَ، فَصَامَ مُوسَى شُكْرًا لِلَّهِ‏.‏ فَقَالَ ‏ "‏ أَنَا أَوْلَى بِمُوسَى مِنْهُمْ ‏"‏‏.‏ فَصَامَهُ وَأَمَرَ بِصِيَامِهِ‏.‏

TOPICS
fast  *  gratitude  *  moses  *  ashura  *  muhammad

QUICK LESSONS:
Showing gratitude towards Allah by fasting on special days like ‘Ashura’. Following in the footsteps of our beloved prophet ﷺ .

EXPLANATIONS:
When the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ arrived in Medina from Mecca he found that the Jews were fasting on the day of 'Ashura'. They said they were doing this as a sign of gratitude to Allah for saving Moses and drowning Pharaoh's people. The Prophet ﷺ then declared himself closer to Moses than them and ordered all Muslims to fast on this day too. This hadith teaches us about showing gratitude towards Allah for His blessings by fasting on special days like 'Ashura'. It also shows us how important it is for us as Muslims to follow in the footsteps of our beloved prophet ﷺ.

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