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Sunan Abi Dawud 5139 (Book 43, Hadith 367) #25430
Kindness and Generosity towards Relatives

SUMMARY: Show kindness to your mother, father and relatives in order of relationship. Refusing to give property to a freed slave will result in a large bald snake on the Day of Resurrection.

Bahz b. Hakim on his father's authority said that his grandfather said: I said: Messenger of Allah! to whom should I show kindness? He replied: Your mother, next your mother, next your mother, and then comes your father, and then your relatives in order of relationship. The Messenger of Allah said: If a man asks his slave whom he freed for giving him property which is surplus with him and he refuses to give it to him, the surplus property which he refused to give will be called on the Day of resurrection as a large bald snake. Abu Dawud said: Aqra' means a snake whose hair of the head were removed on account of poison.
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ كَثِيرٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ بَهْزِ بْنِ حَكِيمٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ جَدِّهِ، قَالَ قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ مَنْ أَبَرُّ قَالَ ‏"‏ أُمَّكَ ثُمَّ أُمَّكَ ثُمَّ أُمَّكَ ثُمَّ أَبَاكَ ثُمَّ الأَقْرَبَ فَالأَقْرَبَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ وَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ‏"‏ لاَ يَسْأَلُ رَجُلٌ مَوْلاَهُ مِنْ فَضْلٍ هُوَ عِنْدَهُ فَيَمْنَعُهُ إِيَّاهُ إِلاَّ دُعِيَ لَهُ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ فَضْلُهُ الَّذِي مَنَعَهُ شُجَاعًا أَقْرَعَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ الأَقْرَعُ الَّذِي ذَهَبَ شَعْرُ رَأْسِهِ مِنَ السُّمِّ

TOPICS
kindness  *  generosity  *  relatives  *  property  *  birr  *  ihsan  *  alqurba  *  mal  *  aqra

QUICK LESSONS:
Show kindness and generosity towards your mother first then your father then other relatives in order of relationship . Give property which is surplus with you to those who are less fortunate than you such as slaves or servants who have been freed from their duties yet still need help for their livelihoods .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith emphasizes the importance of showing kindness and generosity towards one’s relatives, starting with one’s mother first, then father, then other relatives in order of relationship. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ also warned against refusing to give property which is surplus with him to a freed slave as this will result in a large bald snake being called upon the Day of Resurrection. This hadith teaches us that we should be generous and kind not only towards our family but also those who are less fortunate than us such as slaves or servants who have been freed from their duties yet still need help from others for their livelihoods.

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