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Sunan Abi Dawud 3343 (Book 23, Hadith 18) #23633
Paying Debts After Death

SUMMARY: The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) refused to offer funeral prayer for a Muslim who had unpaid debts, but AbuQatadah al-Ansari offered to pay the debt and the Prophet (PBUH) then offered funeral prayer. The Prophet (PBUH) also declared that if any believer dies with unpaid debts, he will be responsible for paying it.

Narrated Jabir ibn Abdullah: The Messenger of Allah would not say funeral prayer over a person who died while the debt was due from him. A dead Muslim was brought to him and he asked: Is there any debt due from him? They (the people) said: Yes, two Dirhams. He said: Pray yourselves over your companion. Then AbuQatadah al-Ansari said: I shall pay them, Messenger of Allah. The Messenger of Allah then prayed over him. When Allah granted conquests to the Messenger of Allah , he said: I am nearer to every believer than himself, so if anyone (dies and) leaves a debt, I shall be responsible for paying it; and if anyone leaves property, it goes to his heirs.
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْمُتَوَكِّلِ الْعَسْقَلاَنِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ جَابِرٍ، قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ لاَ يُصَلِّي عَلَى رَجُلٍ مَاتَ وَعَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ فَأُتِيَ بِمَيِّتٍ فَقَالَ ‏"‏ أَعَلَيْهِ دَيْنٌ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالُوا نَعَمْ دِينَارَانِ ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ صَلُّوا عَلَى صَاحِبِكُمْ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَقَالَ أَبُو قَتَادَةَ الأَنْصَارِيُّ هُمَا عَلَىَّ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ‏.‏ قَالَ فَصَلَّى عَلَيْهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ فَلَمَّا فَتَحَ اللَّهُ عَلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ قَالَ ‏"‏ أَنَا أَوْلَى بِكُلِّ مُؤْمِنٍ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ فَمَنْ تَرَكَ دَيْنًا فَعَلَىَّ قَضَاؤُهُ وَمَنْ تَرَكَ مَالاً فَلِوَرَثَتِهِ

TOPICS
debt  *  prayer  *  believer  *  responsibility  *  qardn  *  dirhams  *  aljannah

QUICK LESSONS:
Pay your dues before death; Take responsibility for your actions in life; Strive not leave behind any unfinished business or unresolved issues when you die; Offer help whenever possible; Be compassionate towards others in need of help .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about the importance of paying off one's debts before death. It was narrated by Jabir ibn Abdullah that when a dead Muslim was brought to the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him - PBUH), he asked if there were any debts due from him and people said yes, two Dirhams. He refused to offer funeral prayer until someone paid off his debt. AbuQatadah al-Ansari then offered to pay them and the Prophet accepted his offer and prayed over him. The Prophet also declared that if any believer dies with unpaid debts, he will be responsible for paying it; and if anyone leaves property, it goes to his heirs. This hadith teaches us that we should always strive to pay our dues before death so as not burden our families or loved ones after we are gone. We should also take responsibility for our actions in life so as not leave behind any unfinished business or unresolved issues when we die.

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