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Sunan Abi Dawud 2993 (Book 20, Hadith 66) #23283
Spoils of War and Special Portion for the Prophet

SUMMARY: The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) had a special portion of the spoils of war that he could take from wherever he desired, and Safiyyah was part of that portion. When the Prophet did not participate in battle, a portion was taken out for him but he had no choice.

Qatadah said "When the Apostle of Allaah participated in battle there was for him a special portion which he took from where he desired. Safiyyah was from that portion. But when he did not participate himself in his battle, a portion was taken out for him, but he had no choice".
حَدَّثَنَا مَحْمُودُ بْنُ خَالِدٍ السُّلَمِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا عُمَرُ، - يَعْنِي ابْنَ عَبْدِ الْوَاحِدِ - عَنْ سَعِيدٍ، - يَعْنِي ابْنَ بَشِيرٍ - عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِذَا غَزَا كَانَ لَهُ سَهْمٌ صَافٍ يَأْخُذُهُ مِنْ حَيْثُ شَاءَهُ فَكَانَتْ صَفِيَّةُ مِنْ ذَلِكَ السَّهْمِ وَكَانَ إِذَا لَمْ يَغْزُ بِنَفْسِهِ ضُرِبَ لَهُ بِسَهْمِهِ وَلَمْ يُخَيَّرْ

TOPICS
spoils  *  war  *  portion  *  choice  *  fai  *  alharb  *  qismah  *  ikhtiyar

QUICK LESSONS:
Show respect and honor to elders and those more experienced than you regardless of their age or position in society .

EXPLANATIONS:
This Hadith speaks about how the Prophet Muhammad PBUH would receive a special portion from any spoils of war. This means that when his followers were victorious in battle, they would give him a share from what they won as an honor to him. Even if he did not participate in battle himself, there would still be a special portion taken out for him without any choice or say in it. This shows us how much respect and honor people had for the prophet PBUH even during times of war. It also teaches us to always show respect to our elders and those who are more experienced than us regardless of their age or position in society.

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