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Sunan Abi Dawud 2319 (Book 14, Hadith 7) #22610
Sighting the Moon in Ramadan

SUMMARY: This hadith explains the importance of sighting the moon to determine when Ramadan begins and ends.

Narrated Abdullah ibn Umar: The Prophet said: The month consists of twenty-nine days, but do not fast till you sight it (the moon) and do not break your fast till you sight it. If the weather is cloudy, calculate it thirty days. When the twenty-ninth of Sha'ban came, Ibn Umar would send someone (who tried) to sight the moon for him. If it was sighted, then well and good; in case it was not sighted, and there was no cloud and dust before him (on the horizon), he would not keep fast the next day. If there appeared (on the horizon) before him cloud or dust, he would fast the following day. Ibn Umar would end his fasting alone with the people, and did not follow this calculation.
حَدَّثَنَا سُلَيْمَانُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنِ الأَسْوَدِ بْنِ قَيْسٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، - يَعْنِي ابْنَ سَعِيدِ بْنِ الْعَاصِ - عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ‏ "‏ إِنَّا أُمَّةٌ أُمِّيَّةٌ لاَ نَكْتُبُ وَلاَ نَحْسُبُ الشَّهْرُ هَكَذَا وَ هَكَذَا وَهَكَذَا ‏"‏ ‏.‏ وَخَنَسَ سُلَيْمَانُ أُصْبَعَهُ فِي الثَّالِثَةِ يَعْنِي تِسْعًا وَعِشْرِينَ وَثَلاَثِينَ

TOPICS
sighting  *  moon  *  calculate  *  ruya  *  qamar  *  ramadhan  *  hisab  *  ramadan

QUICK LESSONS:
Look for new moons carefully , Follow religious practices correctly , End fasting with everyone else

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about how to determine when the month of Ramadan begins and ends. The Prophet Muhammad said that a month consists of 29 days, but if you cannot see the moon, then you should calculate it as 30 days. Ibn Umar would send someone to look for the moon on the 29th day of Sha'ban, and if it was sighted then they would begin fasting for Ramadan. If there was cloud or dust on the horizon, then they would fast anyway even if they could not see it. Ibn Umar did not follow this calculation himself but he ended his fasting with everyone else who did follow this calculation. This hadith teaches us that we should be careful in following religious practices and make sure we are doing them correctly according to Islamic teachings. It also teaches us that we should be patient in waiting for something important like sighting a new moon before beginning or ending a fast during Ramadan.

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