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Sahih al-Bukhari 1977 (Book 30, Hadith 84) #1897
Alternating Fasting and Not Fleeing from Enemy

SUMMARY: The Prophet (ﷺ) advised Abdullah bin 'Amr to fast on alternate days and not to flee from the enemy, as this was the practice of Prophet David. He also said that fasting every day throughout one's life is equivalent to not fasting at all.

Narrated 'Abdullah bin 'Amr: The news of my daily fasting and praying every night throughout the night reached the Prophet. So he sent for me or I met him, and he said, "I have been informed that you fast everyday and pray every night (all the night). Fast (for some days) and give up fasting (for some days); pray and sleep, for your eyes have a right on you, and your body and your family (ie wife) have a right on you". I replied, "I have more power than that (fasting)". The Prophet ﷺ said, "Then fast like the fasts of (the Prophet) David". I said, "How?" He replied, "He used to fast on alternate days, and he used not to flee on meeting the enemy". I said, "From where can I get that chance?" ('Ata' said, "I do not know how the expression of fasting daily throughout the life occurred") So, the Prophet ﷺ said, twice, "Whoever fasts daily throughout his life is just as the one who does not fast at all".
حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عَلِيٍّ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو عَاصِمٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، سَمِعْتُ عَطَاءً، أَنَّ أَبَا الْعَبَّاسِ الشَّاعِرَ، أَخْبَرَهُ أَنَّهُ، سَمِعَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عَمْرٍو ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ بَلَغَ النَّبِيَّ ﷺ أَنِّي أَسْرُدُ الصَّوْمَ وَأُصَلِّي اللَّيْلَ، فَإِمَّا أَرْسَلَ إِلَىَّ، وَإِمَّا لَقِيتُهُ، فَقَالَ ‏"‏ أَلَمْ أُخْبَرْ أَنَّكَ تَصُومُ وَلاَ تُفْطِرُ، وَتُصَلِّي وَلاَ تَنَامُ، فَصُمْ وَأَفْطِرْ، وَقُمْ وَنَمْ، فَإِنَّ لِعَيْنِكَ عَلَيْكَ حَظًّا، وَإِنَّ لِنَفْسِكَ وَأَهْلِكَ عَلَيْكَ حَظًّا ‏"‏‏.‏ قَالَ إِنِّي لأَقْوَى لِذَلِكَ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ فَصُمْ صِيَامَ دَاوُدَ ـ عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ ـ ‏"‏‏.‏ قَالَ وَكَيْفَ قَالَ ‏"‏ كَانَ يَصُومُ يَوْمًا وَيُفْطِرُ يَوْمًا، وَلاَ يَفِرُّ إِذَا لاَقَى ‏"‏‏.‏ قَالَ مَنْ لِي بِهَذِهِ يَا نَبِيَّ اللَّهِ قَالَ عَطَاءٌ لاَ أَدْرِي كَيْفَ ذَكَرَ صِيَامَ الأَبَدِ، قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ ‏"‏ لاَ صَامَ مَنْ صَامَ الأَبَدَ ‏"‏‏.‏ مَرَّتَيْنِ‏.‏
TOPICS
fast  *  days  *  enemy  *  sawm  *  yawmayn  *  aduww

QUICK LESSONS:
Fast on alternate days , Take care of yourself , Take care of your family members .

EXPLANATIONS:
In this hadith, the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ advised Abdullah bin 'Amr to fast on alternate days instead of fasting every day throughout his life. He also told him not to flee from the enemy when he meets them in battle. This was a practice of Prophet David which is mentioned in the Quran. The Prophet ﷺ wanted Abdullah bin 'Amr to take care of himself and his family by taking rest and sleeping at night instead of praying all night long everyday. He also said that if someone fasts everyday throughout their life it is equivalent to not fasting at all because it can be too strenuous for a person's body and mind. This hadith teaches us about moderation in our religious practices so that we can take care of ourselves as well as our families while still fulfilling our religious obligations with ease.

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