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Sunan an-Nasai 3786 (Book 35, Hadith 26) #18401
Breaking Oaths for Better Options

SUMMARY: It is better to break an oath and do something better than it, and offer expiation for it.

It was narrated that 'Adiyy bin Hatim said: "The Messenger of Allah said: 'Whoever swears an oath, then sees something better than it, let him leave his oath, and do that which is better, and offer expiation for it'."
أَخْبَرَنَا هَنَّادُ بْنُ السَّرِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي بَكْرِ بْنِ عَيَّاشٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ بْنِ رُفَيْعٍ، عَنْ تَمِيمِ بْنِ طَرَفَةَ، عَنْ عَدِيِّ بْنِ حَاتِمٍ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ‏ "‏ مَنْ حَلَفَ عَلَى يَمِينٍ فَرَأَى غَيْرَهَا خَيْرًا مِنْهَا فَلْيَدَعْ يَمِينَهُ وَلْيَأْتِ الَّذِي هُوَ خَيْرٌ وَلْيُكَفِّرْهَا

TOPICS
oath  *  expiation  *  option  *  yamin  *  tarka  *  kaffarah  *  akhir  *  yamana

QUICK LESSONS:
Pursue a better option when found after making an oath/promise . Offer expiations after breaking an oath/promise .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith teaches us that if we make an oath or promise to do something, but then find a better option, we should leave the oath and pursue the better option. We should also offer expiation for breaking the oath. This means that we must ask Allah's forgiveness for breaking our promise and try to make up for it in some way. For example, if someone makes a promise to donate money but then finds out about another charity that would be more beneficial, they should donate to the new charity instead of keeping their original promise. They can also offer expiation by doing extra good deeds or giving extra donations in order to make up for breaking their original vow.

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