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Sahih Muslim 1531d (Book 21, Hadith 55) #10983
Rights of Transaction Annulment

SUMMARY: This hadith explains that when two people enter into a transaction, they both have the right to annul it until they separate or their transaction gives one another the right of annulling.

Abdullah b'.Umar (Allah be pleased with them) reported Allah's Messenger as saying: When two persons enter into a transaction, each one of them has the right to annul it so long as they are not separated, or their transaction gives one another (as a condition) the right of annulling, and if their transaction, has the right of annulling it the transaction becomes binding. Ibn Abi Umar made this addition that whenever he (Ibn Umar) entered into a transaction with a person with the intention of not breaking it, he walked a while and then returned to him.
وَحَدَّثَنِي زُهَيْرُ بْنُ حَرْبٍ، وَابْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ، كِلاَهُمَا عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، - قَالَ زُهَيْرٌ حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، - عَنِ ابْنِ جُرَيْجٍ، قَالَ أَمْلَى عَلَىَّ نَافِعٌ سَمِعَ عَبْدَ اللَّهِ بْنَ عُمَرَ، يَقُولُ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ‏ "‏ إِذَا تَبَايَعَ الْمُتَبَايِعَانِ بِالْبَيْعِ فَكُلُّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْهُمَا بِالْخِيَارِ مِنْ بَيْعِهِ مَا لَمْ يَتَفَرَّقَا أَوْ يَكُونُ بَيْعُهُمَا عَنْ خِيَارٍ فَإِذَا كَانَ بَيْعُهُمَا عَنْ خِيَارٍ فَقَدْ وَجَبَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ زَادَ ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ فِي رِوَايَتِهِ قَالَ نَافِعٌ فَكَانَ إِذَا بَايَعَ رَجُلاً فَأَرَادَ أَنْ لاَ يُقِيلَهُ قَامَ فَمَشَى هُنَيَّةً ثُمَّ رَجَعَ إِلَيْهِ

TOPICS
transaction  *  annulment  *  intention  *  separation  *  albay  *  alfasal  *  niyyah  *  inqisam

QUICK LESSONS:
Respectful agreements between parties; Follow through on agreements; Be mindful of intentions; Walk away for a while before finalizing anything

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith explains that when two people enter into a transaction, they both have the right to annul it until they separate or their transaction gives one another the right of annulling. For example, if two people agree to buy something from each other but then decide not to go through with it before separating, then either person has the right to cancel the agreement. Additionally, if their agreement includes a clause allowing either party to cancel at any time before separation then this clause must be respected and followed in order for the agreement to be binding. Ibn Abi Umar also added that whenever he entered into a transaction with someone with an intention not break it, he would walk away for a while and come back again before finalizing anything. This is an important lesson in being mindful of our intentions and making sure we are following through on our agreements even after we have made them.

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