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Sahih Muslim 1128 (Book 13, Hadith 158) #9797
Fasting on the Day of Ashura

SUMMARY: The Prophet Muhammad commanded his followers to fast on the day of Ashura, but when fasting in Ramadan was made obligatory, he no longer commanded them to do so.

Jabir b Samura reported that the Messenger of Allah commanded us to observe fast on the day of Ashura and exhorted us to do it and was particular about it But when (fasting) in Ramadan was made obligatory, he hence. forth neither commanded us nor forbade us, nor was he so particular about it.
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُوسَى، أَخْبَرَنَا شَيْبَانُ، عَنْ أَشْعَثَ، بْنِ أَبِي الشَّعْثَاءِ عَنْ جَعْفَرِ بْنِ أَبِي ثَوْرٍ، عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ سَمُرَةَ، - رضى الله عنه - قَالَ كَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ يَأْمُرُنَا بِصِيَامِ يَوْمِ عَاشُورَاءَ وَيَحُثُّنَا عَلَيْهِ وَيَتَعَاهَدُنَا عِنْدَهُ فَلَمَّا فُرِضَ رَمَضَانُ لَمْ يَأْمُرْنَا وَلَمْ يَنْهَنَا وَلَمْ يَتَعَاهَدْنَا عِنْدَهُ

TOPICS
fast  *  obligatory  *  particular  *  saum  *  ashoora  *  wajib  *  khass  *  ashura

QUICK LESSONS:
Observe fast on special days like ashurah , strive for excellence in acts of worship , fulfill your religious obligations .

EXPLANATIONS:
The Prophet Muhammad taught his followers to observe fast on the day of Ashura. This is a special day for Muslims as it marks the anniversary of Moses and his people being saved from Pharaoh. It is also believed that this was the day when Allah saved Prophet Noah and his people from drowning in a great flood. The Prophet Muhammad encouraged his followers to observe fast on this day as an act of worship and remembrance. However, when fasting during Ramadan became obligatory, he no longer commanded them to do so or was particular about it. This teaches us that while we should strive for excellence in our acts of worship, we should not neglect our obligations either. We must remember that Allah has given us certain obligations which must be fulfilled first before striving for excellence in other acts of worship such as voluntary fasting or charity work etc.

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