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Sahih al-Bukhari 7095 (Book 92, Hadith 46) #6818
Fighting for Faith vs Ruling

SUMMARY: This hadith explains the difference between fighting for the sake of ruling and fighting to protect one's religion from persecution.

Narrated Sa'id bin Jubair: 'Abdullah bin 'Umar came to us and we hoped that he would narrate to us a good Hadith. But before we asked him, a man got up and said to him, "O Abu 'Abdur-Rahman! Narrate to us about the battles during the time of the afflictions, as Allah says:-- 'And fight them until there is no more afflictions (ie no more worshipping of others besides Allah)'." (2:193) Ibn 'Umar said (to the man), "Do you know what is meant by afflictions? Let your mother bereave you! Muhammad used to fight against the pagans, for a Muslim was put to trial in his religion (The pagans will either kill him or chain him as a captive). His fighting was not like your fighting which is carried on for the sake of ruling".
حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ الْوَاسِطِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا خَالِدٌ، عَنْ بَيَانٍ، عَنْ وَبَرَةَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، قَالَ خَرَجَ عَلَيْنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عُمَرَ فَرَجَوْنَا أَنْ يُحَدِّثَنَا، حَدِيثًا حَسَنًا ـ قَالَ ـ فَبَادَرَنَا إِلَيْهِ رَجُلٌ فَقَالَ يَا أَبَا عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ حَدِّثْنَا عَنِ الْقِتَالِ فِي الْفِتْنَةِ وَاللَّهُ يَقُولُ ‏{‏وَقَاتِلُوهُمْ حَتَّى لاَ تَكُونَ فِتْنَةٌ‏}‏ فَقَالَ هَلْ تَدْرِي مَا الْفِتْنَةُ ثَكِلَتْكَ أُمُّكَ، إِنَّمَا كَانَ مُحَمَّدٌ يُقَاتِلُ الْمُشْرِكِينَ، وَكَانَ الدُّخُولُ فِي دِينِهِمْ فِتْنَةً، وَلَيْسَ كَقِتَالِكُمْ عَلَى الْمُلْكِ‏.‏

TOPICS
din  *  jihad  *  fight  *  affliction  *  persecution  *  religion  *  qital  *  fitnah  *  istiadzah  *  zulm  *  hifdh

QUICK LESSONS:
Distinguish between fights intended for ruling and those intended to protect one's faith; Take up arms only if absolutely necessary; Defend oneself against injustice or harm; Respect other people’s beliefs; Be faithful towards Allah’s teachings .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about the difference between fighting for ruling and fighting to protect one's religion from persecution. The narrator, Sa'id bin Jubair, was talking with Abdullah bin Umar when a man asked him to narrate a Hadith about battles during times of affliction. Ibn Umar then explained that Muhammad used to fight against pagans who persecuted Muslims in their religion. He further clarified that this type of fight was different from fights carried out for the purpose of ruling. This hadith teaches us that it is important to distinguish between fights meant for ruling and those meant to protect our faith from oppression or persecution. It also reminds us that we should not take up arms unless it is absolutely necessary in order to defend our faith or ourselves against injustice or harm.

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