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Sahih al-Bukhari 6922 (Book 88, Hadith 5) #6654
Punishing Non-Believers According to Islamic Law

SUMMARY: This hadith is about how 'Ali dealt with some atheists and how Ibn 'Abbas would have handled the situation differently, as he was aware of a hadith that forbade punishing anyone with Allah's punishment.

Narrated 'Ikrima: Some Zanadiqa (atheists) were brought to 'Ali and he burnt them. The news of this event, reached Ibn 'Abbas who said, "If I had been in his place, I would not have burnt them, as Allah's Messenger forbade it, saying, 'Do not punish anybody with Allah's punishment (fire)'. I would have killed them according to the statement of Allah's Messenger , 'Whoever changed his Islamic religion, then kill him'."
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو النُّعْمَانِ، مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْفَضْلِ حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ زَيْدٍ، عَنْ أَيُّوبَ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، قَالَ أُتِيَ عَلِيٌّ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ بِزَنَادِقَةٍ فَأَحْرَقَهُمْ فَبَلَغَ ذَلِكَ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ فَقَالَ لَوْ كُنْتُ أَنَا لَمْ أُحْرِقْهُمْ لِنَهْىِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَلَقَتَلْتُهُمْ لِقَوْلِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ‏ "‏ مَنْ بَدَّلَ دِينَهُ فَاقْتُلُوهُ

TOPICS
atheism  *  punishment  *  law  *  kufr  *  hadd

QUICK LESSONS:
Follow prescribed punishments according to Islamic law.

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith speaks about the proper way to deal with non-believers according to Islamic law. It tells us that it is not permissible for Muslims to punish non-believers by using Allah's punishment, such as fire. Instead, they should use other forms of punishment such as killing them according to the statement of Allah's Messenger. The main idea behind this is that Muslims should not take matters into their own hands and instead follow what has been prescribed in Islam for dealing with non-believers. This teaches us that we must always abide by the laws set forth in Islam and not take matters into our own hands when dealing with those who do not believe in our faith.

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