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Sahih al-Bukhari 4600 (Book 65, Hadith 122) #4383
Marriage of Orphan Girls

SUMMARY: This hadith explains the verse from the Quran which states that a guardian of an orphan girl should not prevent her from marrying if she desires to do so.

Narrated 'Aisha: Regarding the Verse:--"They ask your instruction concerning the women. Say: Allah instructs you about them and yet whom you desire to marry". (4:127) (has been revealed regarding the case of) a man who has an orphan girl, and he is her guardian and her heir. The girl shares with him all his property, even a date-palm (garden), but he dislikes to marry her and dislikes to give her in marriage to somebody else who would share with him the property she is sharing with him, and for this reason that guardian prevents that orphan girl from marrying. So, this Verse was revealed: (And Allah's statement:) "If a woman fears cruelty or desertion on her husband's part". (4:128)
حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ بْنُ إِسْمَاعِيلَ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامُ بْنُ عُرْوَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ ‏{‏وَيَسْتَفْتُونَكَ فِي النِّسَاءِ قُلِ اللَّهُ يُفْتِيكُمْ فِيهِنَّ‏}‏ إِلَى قَوْلِهِ ‏{‏وَتَرْغَبُونَ أَنْ تَنْكِحُوهُنَّ‏}‏‏.‏ قَالَتْ هُوَ الرَّجُلُ تَكُونُ عِنْدَهُ الْيَتِيمَةُ، هُوَ وَلِيُّهَا وَوَارِثُهَا، فَأَشْرَكَتْهُ فِي مَالِهِ حَتَّى فِي الْعِذْقِ، فَيَرْغَبُ أَنْ يَنْكِحَهَا، وَيَكْرَهُ أَنْ يُزَوِّجَهَا رَجُلاً، فَيَشْرَكُهُ فِي مَالِهِ بِمَا شَرِكَتْهُ فَيَعْضُلَهَا فَنَزَلَتْ هَذِهِ الآيَةُ‏.‏
TOPICS
marriage  *  orphan  *  guardian  *  property  *  zawaj  *  yatama  *  wali  *  mal  *  rabt  *  garden

QUICK LESSONS:
Respect wishes regarding marriage; Take care of orphans; Be generous towards them; Ensure financial security for them; Share property with those who marry your ward/orphan .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about a verse in the Quran which speaks about marriage and guardianship of an orphan girl. The verse states that if a guardian has an orphan girl under his care, he should not prevent her from getting married if she desires to do so. The guardian should also not be selfish and keep her with him just because he does not want to share his property with someone else who would marry her. This hadith teaches us that we must be generous and kind towards orphans, and we must respect their wishes when it comes to marriage or any other matter related to them. We must also ensure that they are taken care of properly, both financially as well as emotionally, by their guardians or family members.

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