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Sahih al-Bukhari 4417 (Book 64, Hadith 439) #4212
Dispute Resolution According to Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ)

SUMMARY: The Prophet (ﷺ) gave a judgement in a dispute between two people, where one had bitten the other, and ruled that the biter should not be compensated for his broken incisor.

Narrated Safwan bin Ya'la bin Umaiya: that his father said, "I participated in Al-Usra (ie Tabuk) along with the Prophet". Ya'la added, "(My participation in) that Ghazwa was the best of my deeds to me". Ya'la said, "I had a laborer who quarrelled with somebody, and one of the two bit the hand of the other ('Ata', the sub-narrator, said, "Safwan told me who bit whom but I forgot it"), and the one who was bitten, pulled his hand out of the mouth of the biter, so one of the incisors of the biter was broken. So we came to the Prophet ﷺ and he considered the biter's claim as invalid (ie the biter did not get a recompense for his broken incisor). The Prophet ﷺ said, "Should he leave his hand in your mouth so that you might snap it as if it were in the mouth of a male camel to snap it?"
حَدَّثَنَا عُبَيْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ بَكْرٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ جُرَيْجٍ، قَالَ سَمِعْتُ عَطَاءً، يُخْبِرُ قَالَ أَخْبَرَنِي صَفْوَانُ بْنُ يَعْلَى بْنِ أُمَيَّةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، قَالَ غَزَوْتُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ الْعُسْرَةَ قَالَ كَانَ يَعْلَى يَقُولُ تِلْكَ الْغَزْوَةُ أَوْثَقُ أَعْمَالِي عِنْدِي‏.‏ قَالَ عَطَاءٌ فَقَالَ صَفْوَانُ قَالَ يَعْلَى فَكَانَ لِي أَجِيرٌ فَقَاتَلَ إِنْسَانًا فَعَضَّ أَحَدُهُمَا يَدَ الآخَرِ، قَالَ عَطَاءٌ فَلَقَدْ أَخْبَرَنِي صَفْوَانُ أَيُّهُمَا عَضَّ الآخَرَ فَنَسِيتُهُ، قَالَ فَانْتَزَعَ الْمَعْضُوضُ يَدَهُ مِنْ فِي الْعَاضِّ، فَانْتَزَعَ إِحْدَى ثَنِيَّتَيْهِ، فَأَتَيَا النَّبِيَّ ﷺ فَأَهْدَرَ ثَنِيَّتَهُ‏.‏ قَالَ عَطَاءٌ وَحَسِبْتُ أَنَّهُ قَالَ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ ‏ "‏ أَفَيَدَعُ يَدَهُ فِي فِيكَ تَقْضَمُهَا، كَأَنَّهَا فِي فِي فَحْلٍ يَقْضَمُهَا
TOPICS
dispute  *  resolution  *  aljidl  *  taqdr  *  alusra  *  muhammad  *  expedition

QUICK LESSONS:
Resolve disputes peacefully and fairly without resorting to violence or aggression .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about how the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ handled a dispute between two people. One of them had bitten the other and pulled out his hand from the mouth of the biter, breaking one of its incisors. When they came to him for judgement, he ruled that no compensation should be given to the biter as it was not fair for him to leave his hand in someone's mouth so they could snap it like an animal would do. He taught us that justice must prevail even if it means going against our own interests or desires. He also showed us how important it is to resolve disputes peacefully and fairly without resorting to violence or aggression.

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