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Sahih al-Bukhari 4180, 4181 (Book 64, Hadith 221) #3996
The Truce of Al-Hudaibiya and its Consequences

SUMMARY: This hadith is about the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) returning a Muslim man to his non-Muslim father, and the revelation of verses regarding believing women.

Narrated 'Urwa bin Az-Zubair: That he heard Marwan bin Al-Hakam and Al-Miswar bin Makhrama relating one of the events that happened to Allah's Messenger in the 'Umra of Al-Hudaibiya. They said, "When Allah's Messenger concluded the truce with Suhail bin 'Amr on the day of Al-Hudaibiya, one of the conditions which Suhail bin 'Amr stipulated, was his saying (to the Prophet), "If anyone from us (ie infidels) ever comes to you, though he has embraced your religion, you should return him to us, and should not interfere between us and him". Suhail refused to conclude the truce with Allah's Messenger except on this condition. The believers disliked this condition and got disgusted with it and argued about it. But when Suhail refused to conclude the truce with Allah's Messenger except on that condition, Allah's Apostle concluded it. Accordingly, Allah's Messenger then returned Abu Jandal bin Suhail to his father, Suhail bin 'Amr, and returned every man coming to him from them during that period even if he was a Muslim. The believing women Emigrants came (to Medina) and Um Kulthum, the daughter of 'Uqba bin Abi Mu'ait was one of those who came to Allah's Messenger and she was an adult at that time. Her relatives came, asking Allah's Messenger to return her to them, and in this connection, Allah revealed the Verses dealing with the believing (women).
حَدَّثَنِي إِسْحَاقُ، أَخْبَرَنَا يَعْقُوبُ، حَدَّثَنِي ابْنُ أَخِي ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ عَمِّهِ، أَخْبَرَنِي عُرْوَةُ بْنُ الزُّبَيْرِ، أَنَّهُ سَمِعَ مَرْوَانَ بْنَ الْحَكَمِ، وَالْمِسْوَرَ بْنَ مَخْرَمَةَ، يُخْبِرَانِ خَبَرًا مِنْ خَبَرِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فِي عُمْرَةِ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ فَكَانَ فِيمَا أَخْبَرَنِي عُرْوَةُ عَنْهُمَا أَنَّهُ لَمَّا كَاتَبَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ سُهَيْلَ بْنَ عَمْرٍو، يَوْمَ الْحُدَيْبِيَةِ عَلَى قَضِيَّةِ الْمُدَّةِ، وَكَانَ فِيمَا اشْتَرَطَ سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَمْرٍو أَنَّهُ قَالَ لاَ يَأْتِيكَ مِنَّا أَحَدٌ وَإِنْ كَانَ عَلَى دِينِكَ إِلاَّ رَدَدْتَهُ إِلَيْنَا، وَخَلَّيْتَ بَيْنَنَا وَبَيْنَهُ‏.‏ وَأَبَى سُهَيْلٌ أَنْ يُقَاضِيَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِلاَّ عَلَى ذَلِكَ، فَكَرِهَ الْمُؤْمِنُونَ ذَلِكَ وَامَّعَضُوا، فَتَكَلَّمُوا فِيهِ، فَلَمَّا أَبَى سُهَيْلٌ أَنْ يُقَاضِيَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ إِلاَّ عَلَى ذَلِكَ، كَاتَبَهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ، فَرَدَّ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ أَبَا جَنْدَلِ بْنَ سُهَيْلٍ يَوْمَئِذٍ إِلَى أَبِيهِ سُهَيْلِ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، وَلَمْ يَأْتِ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَحَدٌ مِنَ الرِّجَالِ إِلاَّ رَدَّهُ فِي تِلْكَ الْمُدَّةِ، وَإِنْ كَانَ مُسْلِمًا، وَجَاءَتِ الْمُؤْمِنَاتُ مُهَاجِرَاتٍ، فَكَانَتْ أُمُّ كُلْثُومٍ بِنْتُ عُقْبَةَ بْنِ مُعَيْطٍ مِمَّنْ خَرَجَ إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ وَهْىَ عَاتِقٌ، فَجَاءَ أَهْلُهَا يَسْأَلُونَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَنْ يَرْجِعَهَا إِلَيْهِمْ، حَتَّى أَنْزَلَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى فِي الْمُؤْمِنَاتِ مَا أَنْزَلَ‏.‏

TOPICS
truce  *  belief  *  women  *  revelation  *  sulh  *  kafirun  *  takhaluf  *  muhajirin  *  buldan  *  iman  *  nisa  *  wahy  *  mithaq  *  alhudaibiya

QUICK LESSONS:
Accepting conditions even when disliked by believers; Returning people back even if they have embraced Islam; Showing patience and compassion towards others; Respecting others beliefs/opinions/conditions .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith recounts an event that happened during the 'Umra of Al-Hudaibiya in which Prophet Muhammad ﷺ made a truce with Suhail bin 'Amr. One of the conditions stipulated by Suhail was that if any person from them came to Prophet Muhammad ﷺ even if they had embraced Islam, he should return them to them without interfering between them. Despite this condition being disliked by believers, Prophet Muhammad ﷺ accepted it and returned Abu Jandal bin Suhail to his father as well as other people who came during this period. As a result of this event, Allah revealed verses regarding believing women such as Um Kulthum who was an adult at that time and her relatives asked for her return.

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