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Riyad as-Salihin 60 (Book) #38445
Questions on Islam, Iman and Ihsan

SUMMARY: This hadith is about the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) being asked questions by Jibril (Gabriel) about Islam, Iman and Ihsan.

'Umar bin Al-Khattab (May Allah be pleased with them) said: Once we were sitting in the company of Messenger of Allah when there appeared a man dressed in very white clothes and having extraordinary black hair. No signs of fatigue of journey appeared on him and he was known to none of us. He sat down facing the Prophet leaning his knees against the knees of the Prophet and placing both of his palms over his two thighs and said, "O Muhammad ! Tell me about Islam". He replied, "Islam is to testify that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah, and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah; that you observe Salat (prayers), pay Zakat, observe Saum (fasting) of Ramadan and perform Hajj (pilgrimage) of the House, provided you have resources of making journey to it". He replied: "You have spoken the truth". We were surprised to see that he had asked him and confirmed the correctness of the answers. He then enquired: "Tell me about Iman". He said: "It is to believe in Allah, His angels, His Books, His Messengers and the Last Day and that you believe in preordainment (destiny), its bad and good consequences". He said, "You have spoken the truth". He then enquired: "Tell me about Ihsan". He said, "It is to worship Allah as if you are seeing Him; and although you do not see Him, He sees you". He enquired: "Inform me about the Hour (ie, the Day of Resurrection)". He replied, "I have no more knowledge thereof than you". He said, "Inform me about some of its signs". He said, "They are - that a bondswoman gives birth to her own master, and that you will find the barefooted, naked, poor shepherds competing one another in the construction of higher buildings". Then he departed. The Messenger of Allah kept silent for a while then he said to me, "O 'Umar! Do you know who the questioner was?" I replied, "Allah and His Messenger know better". The Prophet said, "He was Jibril (Gabriel); he came to you to teach you your religion". Muslim
وأما الأحاديث ؛ فالأول‏:‏ عن عمر بن الخطاب، رضي الله عنه ، قال ‏ "‏ بينما نحن جلوس عند رسول الله، ذات يوم إذ طلع عينا رجل شديد بياض الثياب ، شديد سواد الشعر، لا يرى عليه أثر السفر، ولا يعرفه منا أحد، حتى جلس إلى النبي ، ، فأسند ركبتيه إلى ركبتيه، ووضع كفيه على فخذيه وقال‏:‏ يا محمد أخبرني عن الإسلام، فقال‏:‏ رسول الله ‏:‏ الإسلام أن تشهد أن لا إله إلا الله ، وأن محمداً رسول الله وتقيم الصلاة، وتؤتي الزكاة ، وتصوم رمضان ، وتحج البيت إن استطعت إليه سبيلاً‏.‏ قال صدقت‏.‏ فعجبنا له يسأله ويصدقه‏!‏ قال ‏:‏ فأخبرني عن الإيمان‏.‏ قال أن تؤمن بالله، وملائكته، وكتبه ورسله، واليوم الآخر، وتؤمن بالقدر خيره وشره‏.‏ قال صدقت‏.‏ قال فأخبرني عن الإحسان ‏.‏ قال أن تعبد الله كأنك تراه؛ فإن لم تكن تراه فإنه يراك‏.‏ قال‏:‏ فأخبرني عن الساعة‏.‏ قال‏:‏ ما المسؤول عنها بأعلم من السائل‏.‏ قال ‏:‏ فأخبرني عن أماراتها قال‏:‏ أن تلد الأمة ربتها، وأن ترى الحفاة العراة العالة رعاء الشاء يتطالون في البنيان‏.‏ ثم انطلق، فلبثت ملياً، ثم قال‏:‏ يا عمر أتدري من السائل‏؟‏ قلت‏:‏ الله ورسوله أعلم‏.‏ قال‏:‏ فإنه جبريل أتاكم يعلمكم أمر دينكم‏"‏ ‏(‏‏(‏رواه مسلم‏)‏‏)‏

TOPICS
islam  *  prophethood  *  iman  *  ihsan  *  jibril

QUICK LESSONS:
Testify that none has the right to be worshipped but Allah ; Observe Salat ; Pay Zakat ; Observe Saum of Ramadan ; Perform Hajj of House provided resources for journey ; Believe in Allah ; Believe His angels ; Believe His Books ; Believe His Messengers ; Believe Last Day .

EXPLANATIONS:
In this hadith, the Prophet Muhammad ﷺ was visited by a man dressed in white clothes with black hair who was none other than Jibril. He asked the Prophet ﷺ three questions regarding Islam, Iman and Ihsan. The Prophet ﷺ answered each question in detail. He explained that to be a Muslim one must testify that there is no God but Allah and that Muhammad is His messenger; observe prayer, pay Zakat, fast during Ramadan and perform Hajj if one has the means to do so. To have faith in Allah means to believe in Him as well as His angels, books, messengers and the Day of Judgment; it also includes believing in destiny - both its good and bad consequences. Lastly he explained that to practice righteousness or ihsaan is to worship Allah as if you can see Him even though you cannot actually see Him. The man then departed after confirming all of these answers were correct leaving us all surprised at what had just happened!

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