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Sahih al-Bukhari 3884 (Book 63, Hadith 109) #3712
The Prophet's Request to Abu Talib

SUMMARY: The Prophet (ﷺ) asked Abu Talib to say the shahada before he died, but Abu Jahl and 'Abdullah bin Umaiya tried to dissuade him from it. In response, Allah revealed two verses in the Quran.

Narrated Al-Musaiyab: When Abu Talib was in his death bed, the Prophet ﷺ went to him while Abu Jahl was sitting beside him. The Prophet ﷺ said, "O my uncle! Say: None has the right to be worshipped except Allah, an expression I will defend your case with, before Allah". Abu Jahl and 'Abdullah bin Umaiya said, "O Abu Talib! Will you leave the religion of 'Abdul Muttalib?" So they kept on saying this to him so that the last statement he said to them (before he died) was: "I am on the religion of 'Abdul Muttalib". Then the Prophet said, " I will keep on asking for Allah's Forgiveness for you unless I am forbidden to do so". Then the following Verse was revealed:-- "It is not fitting for the Prophet ﷺ and the believers to ask Allah's Forgiveness for the pagans, even if they were their near relatives, after it has become clear to them that they are the dwellers of the (Hell) Fire". (9:113) The other Verse was also revealed:-- "(O Prophet!) Verily, you guide not whom you like, but Allah guides whom He will ".. (28:56)
حَدَّثَنَا مَحْمُودٌ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، أَخْبَرَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنِ ابْنِ الْمُسَيَّبِ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، أَنَّ أَبَا طَالِبٍ، لَمَّا حَضَرَتْهُ الْوَفَاةُ دَخَلَ عَلَيْهِ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ وَعِنْدَهُ أَبُو جَهْلٍ فَقَالَ ‏"‏ أَىْ عَمِّ، قُلْ لاَ إِلَهَ إِلاَّ اللَّهُ‏.‏ كَلِمَةً أُحَاجُّ لَكَ بِهَا عِنْدَ اللَّهِ ‏"‏‏.‏ فَقَالَ أَبُو جَهْلٍ وَعَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ أَبِي أُمَيَّةَ يَا أَبَا طَالِبٍ، تَرْغَبُ عَنْ مِلَّةِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ فَلَمْ يَزَالاَ يُكَلِّمَانِهِ حَتَّى قَالَ آخِرَ شَىْءٍ كَلَّمَهُمْ بِهِ عَلَى مِلَّةِ عَبْدِ الْمُطَّلِبِ‏.‏ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ﷺ ‏"‏ لأَسْتَغْفِرَنَّ لَكَ مَا لَمْ أُنْهَ عَنْهُ ‏"‏‏.‏ فَنَزَلَتْ ‏{‏مَا كَانَ لِلنَّبِيِّ وَالَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَنْ يَسْتَغْفِرُوا لِلْمُشْرِكِينَ وَلَوْ كَانُوا أُولِي قُرْبَى مِنْ بَعْدِ مَا تَبَيَّنَ لَهُمْ أَنَّهُمْ أَصْحَابُ الْجَحِيمِ‏}‏ وَنَزَلَتْ ‏{‏إِنَّكَ لاَ تَهْدِي مَنْ أَحْبَبْتَ‏}‏
TOPICS
prophet  *  annabi  *  taleb  *  alshahadah  *  alquran  *  abutalib  *  shahada  *  quran

QUICK LESSONS:
Strive towards righteousness even if those around you are trying otherwise . Follow God's commands .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about the Prophet Muhammad's request to his uncle, Abu Talib, when he was on his deathbed. The Prophet asked him to recite the Shahada which is a declaration of faith that states "None has the right to be worshipped except Allah". However, at this time there were people around him who were trying to dissuade him from doing so. In response, Allah revealed two verses in the Quran; one verse stated that it was not fitting for believers and prophets alike to ask forgiveness for pagans after they have been made aware of their fate in Hellfire and another verse stating that only Allah can guide whom He wills. This hadith teaches us that we should always strive towards righteousness even if those around us are trying otherwise and also reminds us of our ultimate goal which is pleasing Allah by following His commands.

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