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Sahih al-Bukhari 3831 (Book 63, Hadith 56) #3659
Fasting on Ashura

SUMMARY: The Prophet (ﷺ) used to fast on the day of Ashura, which was a day of fasting for the tribe of Quraish in pre-Islamic times. When Ramadan was enjoined, it became optional for people to fast or not to fast on Ashura.

Narrated 'Aisha: 'Ashura' (ie the tenth of Muharram) was a day on which the tribe of Quraish used to fast in the pre-Islamic period of ignorance. The Prophet also used to fast on this day. So when he migrated to Medina, he fasted on it and ordered (the Muslims) to fast on it. When the fasting of Ramadan was enjoined, it became optional for the people to fast or not to fast on the day of Ashura.
حَدَّثَنَا مُسَدَّدٌ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى، قَالَ هِشَامٌ حَدَّثَنِي أَبِي، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ قَالَتْ كَانَ عَاشُورَاءُ يَوْمًا تَصُومُهُ قُرَيْشٌ فِي الْجَاهِلِيَّةِ، وَكَانَ النَّبِيُّ يَصُومُهُ، فَلَمَّا قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ صَامَهُ وَأَمَرَ بِصِيَامِهِ، فَلَمَّا نَزَلَ رَمَضَانُ كَانَ مَنْ شَاءَ صَامَهُ، وَمَنْ شَاءَ لاَ يَصُومُهُ‏.‏

TOPICS
ashurah  *  quraysh  *  muharram  *  ramadan

QUICK LESSONS:
Fast on Ashura if one chooses too

EXPLANATIONS:
Before Islam, the tribe of Quraysh used to observe a day called 'Ashurah by fasting. When Prophet Muhammad ﷺ migrated from Mecca to Medina, he continued this tradition and asked his followers to do so as well. After Ramadan was made obligatory upon Muslims, it became optional for them whether they wanted to fast or not on 'Ashurah. This hadith teaches us that we should respect traditions that are not against Islamic teachings and values even if they are from before Islam came into existence. It also shows us that when something is made obligatory upon us by Allah SWT then we should prioritize it over other things that were previously done out of choice or habit.

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