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Musnad Ahmad 1310 (Book 5, Hadith 712) #34938
Resolving Disputes with Compassion

SUMMARY: This hadith is about a dispute between two tribes in Yemen over the death of four men who were killed by a lion. 'Ali (??? ???? ???) was able to resolve the dispute by ruling that one quarter of the Diyah should be given for the first one, one third of the Diyah for the second one, half of the Diyah for the third one and the complete Diyah for fourth. The Prophet ﷺ approved this ruling when it was referred to him.

It was narrated from Hanash bin al-Mu'tamir that 'Ali (رضي الله عنه) was in Yemen and they dug a trap for a lion. One man came and fell into it; he grabbed onto another, who grabbed onto another, who grabbed onto another, until there were four of them. The lion wounded them, and some of them died in the pit and some of them were taken out and then died. They disputed about that until they took up arms (against one another)'.Ali (رضي الله عنه) came to them and said: "Woe to you! Would you kill two hundred people for four men? Come and I will judge between you, if you accept it (all well and good), otherwise refer the matter to the Prophet ". He ruled that one quarter of the Diyah should be given for the first one, one third of the Diyah for the second one, half of the Diyah for the third one and the complete Diyah for the fourth one. Some of them accepted it and some of them did not like it. And he imposed the Diyah on the tribes of the people who had crowded one another in that place. So they referred the matter to the Prophet . Bahz said: Hammad said: I think he said: He was reclining, then he sat up and said: "I shall judge between you". Then he was told that 'Ali (رضي الله عنه) had issued such and such a verdict, and he approved of it, 'Affan said: 'I shall judge between you".
حَدَّثَنَا بَهْزٌ، وَعَفَّانُ الْمَعْنَى، قَالَا حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، أَخْبَرَنَا سِمَاكٌ، عَنْ حَنَشِ بْنِ الْمُعْتَمِرِ، أَنَّ عَلِيًّا، رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ كَانَ بِالْيَمَنِ فَاحْتَفَرُوا زُبْيَةً لِلْأَسَدِ فَجَاءَ حَتَّى وَقَعَ فِيهَا رَجُلٌ وَتَعَلَّقَ بِآخَرَ وَتَعَلَّقَ الْآخَرُ بِآخَرَ وَتَعَلَّقَ الْآخَرُ بِآخَرَ حَتَّى صَارُوا أَرْبَعَةً فَجَرَحَهُمْ الْأَسَدُ فِيهَا فَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ مَاتَ فِيهَا وَمِنْهُمْ مَنْ أُخْرِجَ فَمَاتَ قَالَ فَتَنَازَعُوا فِي ذَلِكَ حَتَّى أَخَذُوا السِّلَاحَ قَالَ فَأَتَاهُمْ عَلِيٌّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَقَالَ وَيْلَكُمْ تَقْتُلُونَ مِائَتَيْ إِنْسَانٍ فِي شَأْنِ أَرْبَعَةِ أَنَاسِيَّ تَعَالَوْا أَقْضِ بَيْنَكُمْ بِقَضَاءٍ فَإِنْ رَضِيتُمْ بِهِ وَإِلَّا فَارْتَفِعُوا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ قَالَ فَقَضَى لِلْأَوَّلِ رُبُعَ دِيَةٍ وَلِلثَّانِي ثُلُثَ دِيَةٍ وَلِلثَّالِثِ نِصْفَ دِيَةٍ وَلِلرَّابِعِ الدِّيَةَ كَامِلَةً قَالَ فَرَضِيَ بَعْضُهُمْ وَكَرِهَ بَعْضُهُمْ وَجَعَلَ الدِّيَةَ عَلَى قَبَائِلِ الَّذِينَ ازْدَحَمُوا قَالَ فَارْتَفَعُوا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ قَالَ بَهْزٌ قَالَ حَمَّادٌ أَحْسَبُهُ قَالَ كَانَ مُتَّكِئًا فَاحْتَبَى قَالَ سَأَقْضِي بَيْنَكُمْ بِقَضَاءٍ قَالَ فَأُخْبِرَ أَنَّ عَلِيًّا رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ قَضَى بِكَذَا وَكَذَا قَالَ فَأَمْضَى قَضَاءَهُ قَالَ عَفَّانُ سَأَقْضِي بَيْنَكُمْ‏.‏

TOPICS
dispute  *  resolution  *  compassion  *  ruling  *  qisas  *  mutamir  *  bahz  *  diyat

QUICK LESSONS:
Use compassion when resolving disputes instead of resorting violence or taking up arms against each other; Serve justice and pay compensation according Islamic law; Refer matters related disputes/conflicts/violence etc.,to Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) if needed .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about a dispute between two tribes in Yemen over four men who were killed by a lion. 'Ali (??? ???? ???) was able to resolve this dispute through his compassionate ruling that each man's family should receive an amount of money called diyah according to their relation to each other; quarter diyah for first man, third diyah for second man, half diyah for third man and full diyat for fourth man. When this ruling was referred to Prophet Muhammad ﷺ he approved it as well showing us how important it is to use compassion when resolving disputes instead of resorting violence or taking up arms against each other. This hadith also teaches us that justice must be served and those responsible must pay compensation according to Islamic law which is known as qisas or diyat depending on what happened in order restore peace and harmony among people.

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