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Musnad Ahmad 425 (Book 4, Hadith 24) #34098
Distribution of Booty from Banu Nadir

SUMMARY: The hadith is about the wealth of Banu Nadir which was given to Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) as booty and how he divided it among his companions.

It was narrated that Malik bin Aws bin al-Hadathan said: 'Umar bin al-Khattab (رضي الله عنه) sent for me, and whilst I was like that, his freed slave Yarfa' came and said: 'Uthman, 'Abdur-Rahman, Sa’d and az-Zubair bin al-'Awwam are here - (the narrator) said: I do not know whether he mentioned Talhah or not - and they are asking for permission to enter upon you. He said: Let them in. Then after a while, (Yarfa') came and said: al-'Abbas and 'Ali are asking permission to enter upon you. He said: Let them in. When al'Abbas came in, he said: O Ameer al-Mu'mineen, judge between me and this one. They had a dispute at that time concerning the fai’ (booty) that Allah had granted to His Messenger of the wealth of Banun-Nadeer, The people said: Judge between them, O Ameer al-Mu'mineen, and relieve each one of his opponent, for their dispute has gone on too long'.Umar (رضي الله عنه) said: I adjure you by Allah, by Whose Leave heaven and earth exist, do you know that the Messenger of Allah said, "We are not to be inherited from; what we leave behind is charity'? They said: He did say that. He said: I shall tell you about that fai'; Allah, may He be glorified and exalted, gave something exclusively to His Prophet that He did not give to anyone else. And he quoted the verse: 'And what Allah gave as booty (Fai’) to His Messenger (Muhammad ) from them - for this you made no expedition with either cavalry or camelry' al Hashr 59:6. He said: 'This was exclusively for the Messenger of Allah and by Allah, he did not keep it to himself in exclusion of you and he did not prefer himself over you with regard to it. Rather he gave it to you and divided it among you until there was nothing left of it except this property. He spent on his family's needs from this property for one year, then he took what was left and regarded it as the property of Allah. When the Messenger of Allah passed away, Abu Bakr said: 'I am the successor of the Messenger of Allah , I shall deal with it as the Messenger of Allah dealt with it.
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، حَدَّثَنَا مَعْمَرٌ، عَنِ الزُّهْرِيِّ، عَنْ مَالِكِ بْنِ أَوْسِ بْنِ الْحَدَثَانِ، قَالَ أَرْسَلَ إِلَيَّ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ فَبَيْنَا أَنَا كَذَلِكَ، إِذْ جَاءَهُ مَوْلَاهُ يَرْفَأُ فَقَالَ هَذَا عُثْمَانُ وَعَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ وَسَعْدٌ وَالزُّبَيْرُ بْنُ الْعَوَّامِ قَالَ وَلَا أَدْرِي أَذَكَرَ طَلْحَةَ أَمْ لَا يَسْتَأْذِنُونَ عَلَيْكَ قَالَ ائْذَنْ لَهُمْ ثُمَّ مَكَثَ سَاعَةً ثُمَّ جَاءَ فَقَالَ هَذَا الْعَبَّاسُ وَعَلِيٌّ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُمَا يَسْتَأْذِنَانِ عَلَيْكَ قَالَ ائْذَنْ لَهُمَا فَلَمَّا دَخَلَ الْعَبَّاسُ قَالَ يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ اقْضِ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَ هَذَا وَهُمَا حِينَئِذٍ يَخْتَصِمَانِ فِيمَا أَفَاءَ اللَّهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ مِنْ أَمْوَالِ بَنِي النَّضِيرِ فَقَالَ الْقَوْمُ اقْضِ بَيْنَهُمَا يَا أَمِيرَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَأَرِحْ كُلَّ وَاحِدٍ مِنْ صَاحِبِهِ فَقَدْ طَالَتْ خُصُومَتُهُمَا فَقَالَ عُمَرُ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنْشُدُكُمْ اللَّهَ الَّذِي بِإِذْنِهِ تَقُومُ السَّمَوَاتُ وَالْأَرْضُ أَتَعْلَمُونَ أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ لَا نُورَثُ مَا تَرَكْنَا صَدَقَةٌ قَالُوا قَدْ قَالَ ذَلِكَ وَقَالَ لَهُمَا مِثْلَ ذَلِكَ فَقَالَا نَعَمْ قَالَ فَإِنِّي سَأُخْبِرُكُمْ عَنْ هَذَا الْفَيْءِ إِنَّ اللَّهَ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ خَصَّ نَبِيَّهُ مِنْهُ بِشَيْءٍ لَمْ يُعْطِهِ غَيْرَهُ فَقَالَ ‏{‏وَمَا أَفَاءَ اللَّهُ عَلَى رَسُولِهِ مِنْهُمْ فَمَا أَوْجَفْتُمْ عَلَيْهِ مِنْ خَيْلٍ وَلَا رِكَابٍ‏}‏ وَكَانَتْ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ خَاصَّةً وَاللَّهِ مَا احْتَازَهَا دُونَكُمْ وَلَا اسْتَأْثَرَ بِهَا عَلَيْكُمْ لَقَدْ قَسَمَهَا بَيْنَكُمْ وَبَثَّهَا فِيكُمْ حَتَّى بَقِيَ مِنْهَا هَذَا الْمَالُ فَكَانَ يُنْفِقُ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ مِنْهُ سَنَةً ثُمَّ يَجْعَلُ مَا بَقِيَ مِنْهُ مَجْعَلَ مَالِ اللَّهِ فَلَمَّا قُبِضَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ قَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ أَنَا وَلِيُّ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ بَعْدَهُ أَعْمَلُ فِيهَا بِمَا كَانَ يَعْمَلُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ فِيهَا‏.‏

TOPICS
sad  *  booty  *  mawafiq  *  umar  *  yarfa  *  abdurrahman  *  zubair  *  talhah  *  alabbas  *  ali  *  ameeralmumineen  *  banunnadeer

QUICK LESSONS:
Follow footsteps of our beloved prophet in every aspect .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith talks about the wealth of Banu Nadir that Allah granted to His Messenger, Prophet Muhammad ﷺ. Umar bin al-Khattab sent for Malik bin Aws and while he was there, Umar's freed slave Yarfa' came and said that Uthman, Abdur Rahman, Sad and Zubair were asking for permission to enter upon him. After a while Al Abbas and Ali also asked for permission to enter upon him. When Al Abbas entered he asked Umar to judge between him and Ali concerning the fai or booty that Allah had granted His Messenger from the wealth of Banun Nadeer. People said judge between them as their dispute has gone on too long. Then Umar adjured them by Allah if they knew what Prophet Muhammad ﷺ said “We are not to be inherited from; what we leave behind is charity” They said yes He did say that then Umar told them about this fai or booty which was exclusively given by Allah only to His Messenger ﷺ . He further explained how Prophet Muhammad ﷺ divided it among his companions until nothing was left except this property which he spent on his family's needs for one year then took what was left regarded it as property of Allah . When Prophet Muhammad passed away Abu Bakr took charge over it dealt with it in same way as prophet did . This Hadith teaches us about justice , equality , generosity , kindness , charity etc . It also teaches us importance of following footsteps of our beloved prophet in every aspect .

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