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Musnad Ahmad 210 (Book 2, Hadith 127) #33902
Fasting on Thirteenth, Fourteenth and Fifteenth

SUMMARY: The Prophet ﷺ advised a Bedouin to fast the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth of the month instead of fasting at the beginning and end of the month.

It was narrated that Ibn al-Hawtakiyyah said: Some food was brought to 'Umar bin al-Khattab and he called a man to join him, but he said, I am fasting. 'Umar said: What fast are you observing? Were it not for fear of adding or subtracting something, I would have narrated to you a hadeeth, from the Prophet , when the Bedouin brought him a rabbit; rather send for 'Ammar. When 'Ammar came, he said: Were you there on the day when the Bedouin brought the rabbit to the Messenger of Allah ? ('Ammar) said: Yes. ('Umar said: I saw blood on it, but he (the Prophet said: 'Eat it'. (The Bedouin) said: I am fasting. (The Prophet said: 'What fast are you observing?" He said: The beginning and end of the month. He said: "If you want to fast, then fast the thirteenth, fourteenth and fifteenth (of the month)'.
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو النَّضْرِ، حَدَّثَنَا الْمَسْعُودِيُّ، عَنْ حَكِيمِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنْ مُوسَى بْنِ طَلْحَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ الْحَوْتَكِيَّةِ، قَالَ أُتِيَ عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ بِطَعَامٍ فَدَعَا إِلَيْهِ رَجُلًا فَقَالَ إِنِّي صَائِمٌ ثُمَّ قَالَ وَأَيُّ الصِّيَامِ تَصُومُ لَوْلَا كَرَاهِيَةُ أَنْ أَزِيدَ أَوْ أَنْقُصَ لَحَدَّثْتُكُمْ بِحَدِيثِ النَّبِيِّ حِينَ جَاءَهُ الْأَعْرَابِيُّ بِالْأَرْنَبِ وَلَكِنْ أَرْسِلُوا إِلَى عَمَّارٍ فَلَمَّا جَاءَ عَمَّارٌ قَالَ أَشَاهِدٌ أَنْتَ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ يَوْمَ جَاءَهُ الْأَعْرَابِيُّ بِالْأَرْنَبِ قَالَ نَعَمْ فَقَالَ إِنِّي رَأَيْتُ بِهَا دَمًا فَقَالَ كُلُوهَا قَالَ إِنِّي صَائِمٌ قَالَ وَأَيُّ الصِّيَامِ تَصُومُ قَالَ أَوَّلَ الشَّهْرِ وَآخِرَهُ قَالَ إِنْ كُنْتَ صَائِمًا فَصُمْ الثَّلَاثَ عَشْرَةَ وَالْأَرْبَعَ عَشْرَةَ وَالْخَمْسَ عَشْرَةَ‏.‏

TOPICS
fasting  *  thirteeth  *  fourtheenth  *  fiftheenth

QUICK LESSONS:
Follow teachings from Allah SWT & His Messenger Muhammad SAWW ; Be mindful while performing religious obligations ; Observe religious duties such as fasting etc..

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about fasting during certain days in a month. It was narrated by Ibn al-Hawtakiyyah that some food was brought to 'Umar bin al-Khattab and he called a man to join him, but he said he was fasting. 'Umar asked what fast he was observing, and when it became clear that it was at the beginning and end of each month, 'Umar suggested sending for 'Ammar who could tell them about an incident involving the Prophet (ﷺ). When 'Ammar arrived, Umar asked if he remembered when a Bedouin brought a rabbit to the Prophet (ﷺ) one day. He said yes, then Umar mentioned that there had been blood on it but despite this fact, the Prophet still told him to eat it. The Bedouin replied that he was fasting so then Prophet advised him to fast on thirteenth, fourtheenth and fiftheenth instead of at beginning or end of each month. This hadith teaches us about how important it is for Muslims to observe their religious duties such as fasting during Ramadan or other times throughout year as prescribed by Allah SWT in Quran or through teachings from His Messenger Muhammad SAWW. It also teaches us how important it is for us not only follow religious obligations but also be mindful while doing so because we should not add or subtract anything from what has been prescribed by Allah SWT or His Messenger SAWW without proper knowledge or understanding.

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