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Musnad Ahmad 55 (Book 1, Hadith 52) #33750
Inheritance of Prophets

SUMMARY: The hadith is about the Prophet Muhammad's daughter, Fatimah, asking Abu Bakr for her inheritance from the Prophet Muhammad. Abu Bakr refused to give her anything as he was following the Prophet's instructions that Prophets are not to be inherited from and whatever they leave behind is charity.

It was narrated from 'Urwah bin az-Zubair that 'A'ishah the wife of the Prophet 35 told him: Fatimah the daughter of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ sent word to Abu Bakr as-Siddeeq, asking for her inheritance from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, of the fai' that Allah had granted to him in Madinah and Fadak, and what was left of the Khurnus of Khaibar, Abu Bakr said: The Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: 'We (Prophets) are not to be inherited from and whatever we leave behind is charity. Rather the family of Muhammad may take their provision from this wealth'. By Allah, I will not change any of the charity of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ from how it was at the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, and I will do the same with it as the Messenger of Allah ﷺ did. So Abu Bakr refused to give anything of it to Fatimah, and Fatimah was upset with Abu Bakr because of that. Abu Bakr said; By the One in Whose hand is my soul, the relatives of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ are dearer to me than my own relatives. As for the dispute between me and you concerning this wealth, I did not deviate from the truth concerning them and I will not leave anything that I saw the Messenger of Allah ﷺ do but I will do it the way he did it.
حَدَّثَنَا حَجَّاجُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا لَيْثٌ، حَدَّثَنِي عُقَيْلٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهَا زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ أَنَّهَا أَخْبَرَتْهُ أَنَّ فَاطِمَةَ بِنْتَ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَرْسَلَتْ إِلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ الصِّدِّيقِ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ تَسْأَلُهُ مِيرَاثَهَا مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ مِمَّا أَفَاءَ اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ بِالْمَدِينَةِ وَفَدَكَ وَمَا بَقِيَ مِنْ خُمُسِ خَيْبَرَ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ رَضِيَ اللَّهُ عَنْهُ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ قَالَ لَا نُورَثُ مَا تَرَكْنَا صَدَقَةٌ إِنَّمَا يَأْكُلُ آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ فِي هَذَا الْمَالِ وَإِنِّي وَاللَّهِ لَا أُغَيِّرُ شَيْئًا مِنْ صَدَقَةِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ عَنْ حَالِهَا الَّتِي كَانَتْ عَلَيْهَا فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ وَلَأَعْمَلَنَّ فِيهَا بِمَا عَمِلَ بِهِ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ فَأَبَى أَبُو بَكْرٍ أَنْ يَدْفَعَ إِلَى فَاطِمَةَ مِنْهَا شَيْئًا فَوَجَدَتْ فَاطِمَةُ عَلَى أَبِي بَكْرٍ فِي ذَلِكَ فَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ لَقَرَابَةُ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ أَنْ أَصِلَ مِنْ قَرَابَتِي وَأَمَّا الَّذِي شَجَرَ بَيْنِي وَبَيْنَكُمْ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْأَمْوَالِ فَإِنِّي لَمْ آلُ فِيهَا عَنْ الْحَقِّ وَلَمْ أَتْرُكْ أَمْرًا رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَصْنَعُهُ فِيهَا إِلَّا صَنَعْتُهُ‏.‏
TOPICS
inheritance  *  charity  *  wealth  *  istiwaa  *  sadaqah  *  mal  *  rasulullah  *  allah

QUICK LESSONS:
Follow in footsteps of prophets, Abide by teachings even after death

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith speaks about how Prophets are not to be inherited from and whatever they leave behind is charity. The hadith narrates a story between Fatimah, daughter of the Prophet Muhammad and Abu Bakr as-Siddeeq in which Fatimah asked for her inheritance from what was left by her father, but Abu Bakr refused to give it to her because he followed what the Prophet said - that Prophets are not to be inherited from and whatever they leave behind is charity. He also said that he will do with it as what the Messenger did with it before him. This shows us how important it is for us Muslims to follow in our beloved prophet’s footsteps and abide by his teachings even after his death. We should also remember that we should always prioritize our relatives who are related to our beloved prophet over our own relatives when making decisions or taking actions concerning them or their wealth or property.

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