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Sunan Ibn Majah 2284 (Book 12, Hadith 148) #31636
Payment for Date Palms Before Bearing Fruit

SUMMARY: The hadith is about a dispute between a buyer and seller regarding the payment of date palms before they bear fruit. The Prophet (PBUH) ruled in favor of the buyer, saying that it was not permissible to take payment in advance for date palms until their usefulness appears.

It was narrated that Najrani said: "I said to 'Abdullah bin 'Umar: 'Can I pay in advance for a date palm before it bears fruit?' He said: 'No'. I said: 'Why not?' He said: 'A man paid in advance for a grove of trees during the time of the Messenger of Allah ﷺ, before they had produced any fruit, and they did not bear anything that year. The purchaser said: 'They belong to me until they produce but the seller said: 'I only sold the trees to you for this year! They referred their dispute to the Messenger of Allah who said to the seller: 'Did he take anything from your date palms?' He said: 'No'. He said: 'Then why do you regard his wealth as lawful for You? Give back what you took from him, and do not take payment in advance for date palms until their usefulness appears"'.
حَدَّثَنَا هَنَّادُ بْنُ السَّرِيِّ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الأَحْوَصِ، عَنْ أَبِي إِسْحَاقَ، عَنِ النَّجْرَانِيِّ، قَالَ قُلْتُ لِعَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ عُمَرَ أُسْلِمُ فِي نَخْلٍ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُطْلِعَ قَالَ لاَ ‏.‏ قُلْتُ لِمَ قَالَ إِنَّ رَجُلاً أَسْلَمَ فِي حَدِيقَةِ نَخْلٍ فِي عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ـ ﷺ ـ قَبْلَ أَنْ يُطْلِعَ النَّخْلُ فَلَمْ يُطْلِعِ النَّخْلُ شَيْئًا ذَلِكَ الْعَامَ فَقَالَ الْمُشْتَرِي هُوَ لِي حَتَّى يُطْلِعَ ‏.‏ وَقَالَ الْبَائِعُ إِنَّمَا بِعْتُكَ النَّخْلَ هَذِهِ السَّنَةَ ‏.‏ فَاخْتَصَمَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ـ ﷺ ـ فَقَالَ لِلْبَائِعِ ‏"‏ أَخَذَ مِنْ نَخْلِكَ شَيْئًا ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ لاَ ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ فَبِمَ تَسْتَحِلُّ مَالَهُ ارْدُدْ عَلَيْهِ مَا أَخَذْتَ مِنْهُ وَلاَ تُسْلِمُوا فِي نَخْلٍ حَتَّى يَبْدُوَ صَلاَحُهُ
TOPICS
payment  *  palms  *  advance  *  dispute  *  useful  *  rasool  *  altamr  *  alzaman  *  khilaf  *  yaftah

QUICK LESSONS:
Be fair and just when dealing with others financially; resolve disputes through arbitration and consultation; do not take advantage of someone else's misfortune or lack of knowledge by taking more than what you are due from them; pay only after something has been proven useful or beneficial .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith discusses the importance of fairness and justice when it comes to financial transactions. It tells us that it is not permissible to take payment in advance for something that has yet to be proven useful or beneficial, such as date palms before they bear fruit. This teaches us that we should always be fair and just when dealing with others, especially when it comes to money matters. We should never take advantage of someone else's misfortune or lack of knowledge by taking more than what we are due from them. Furthermore, this hadith also reminds us that disputes can be resolved through arbitration and consultation with those who are knowledgeable on the matter at hand.

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