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Sahih al-Bukhari 3180 (Book 58, Hadith 22) #3039
Refusal to Pay Jizya Tax

SUMMARY: This hadith speaks of a time when non-Muslims living in a Muslim territory will no longer pay the Jizya tax, and Allah will make their hearts so daring that they will refuse to pay it.

Narrated Sa'id: Abu Huraira once said (to the people), "What will your state be when you can get no Dinar or Dirham (ie taxes from the Dhimmis)?" on that someone asked him, "What makes you know that this state will take place, O Abu- Hu raira?" He said, "By Him in Whose Hands Abu Huraira's life is, I know it through the statement of the true and truly inspired one (ie the Prophet)". The people asked, "What does the Statement say?" He replied, "Allah and His Apostle's asylum granted to Dhimmis, ie non-Muslims living in a Muslim territory) will be outraged, and so Allah will make the hearts of these Dhimmis so daring that they will refuse to pay the Jizya they will be supposed to pay".
قَالَ أَبُو مُوسَى حَدَّثَنَا هَاشِمُ بْنُ الْقَاسِمِ، حَدَّثَنَا إِسْحَاقُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ ـ رضى الله عنه ـ قَالَ كَيْفَ أَنْتُمْ إِذَا لَمْ تَجْتَبُوا دِينَارًا وَلاَ دِرْهَمًا فَقِيلَ لَهُ وَكَيْفَ تَرَى ذَلِكَ كَائِنًا يَا أَبَا هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ إِيْ وَالَّذِي نَفْسُ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ بِيَدِهِ عَنْ قَوْلِ الصَّادِقِ الْمَصْدُوقِ‏.‏ قَالُوا عَمَّ ذَاكَ قَالَ تُنْتَهَكُ ذِمَّةُ اللَّهِ وَذِمَّةُ رَسُولِهِ ﷺ ، فَيَشُدُّ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ قُلُوبَ أَهْلِ الذِّمَّةِ، فَيَمْنَعُونَ مَا فِي أَيْدِيهِمْ‏.‏
TOPICS
territory  *  dhimmis  *  jizya  *  nonmuslims

QUICK LESSONS:
Treat people with justice and fairness; Do not take advantage of your power or authority over others; Do not oppress those who are under you; Use your power for good and justice.

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith speaks of a time when non-Muslims living in a Muslim territory would no longer be required to pay the jizya tax. The jizya is an annual tax imposed on non-Muslim citizens of an Islamic state, which is used as compensation for protection provided by the state. According to this hadith, Allah will make the hearts of these dhimmis so daring that they will refuse to pay this tax. This suggests that Muslims should not take advantage of their position as rulers and oppress those who are under them, but rather treat them with justice and fairness. Furthermore, it teaches us that we should not take advantage of our power or authority over others but instead use it for good and justice.

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