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Jami at-Tirmidhi 2952 (Book 47, Hadith 3) #28600
Interpreting the Quran with Knowledge

SUMMARY: This hadith emphasizes the importance of not interpreting the Quran without knowledge.

Narrated Jundab bin 'Abdullah: that the Messenger of Allah ﷺ said: "Whoever says (something) about the Qur'an according to his own opinion and he is correct, yet he has committed a mistake". This Hadith is Gharib. Some of the people of Hadith have criticized Suhail bin Abi Hazm. Imam At-Tirmidhi said: This is how it has been reported from some of the people of knowledge among the Companions of the Prophet ﷺ, and others. They were very stern about this - about explaining the Qur'an without knowledge. As for what has been related from Mujahid, Qatadah and others, among the people of knowledge, that they would interpret the Qur'an, then it should not be thought about them that they would say something about the Qur'an, or interpret it without knowledge, or according to their own intellect. Rather that which proves what we have said has been reported from them, that they would not say something from themselves without knowledge. Husain bin Mahdi Al-Basri narrated to us (he said: Abdur Razzaq narrated to us, from Ma'mar, from Qatadah who said): "There is no Ayah in the Qur'an except that I have heard something about it". Ibn Abi 'Umar narrated to us (he said): "Sufyan bin 'Uyainah narrated to us, from Al-A'mash who said: 'Mujahid said: If you recited the recitation of Ibn Mas'ud, you would not need to ask Ibn 'Abbas about much of what you ask him regarding the Qur'an".
حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ بْنُ حُمَيْدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا حَبَّانُ بْنُ هِلاَلٍ، حَدَّثَنَا سُهَيْلُ بْنُ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، وَهُوَ ابْنُ أَبِي حَزْمٍ أَخُو حَزْمٍ الْقُطَعِيِّ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو عِمْرَانَ الْجَوْنِيُّ، عَنْ جُنْدُبِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ ‏ "‏ مَنْ قَالَ فِي الْقُرْآنِ بِرَأْيِهِ فَأَصَابَ فَقَدْ أَخْطَأَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَذَا حَدِيثٌ غَرِيبٌ ‏.‏ وَقَدْ تَكَلَّمَ بَعْضُ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ فِي سُهَيْلِ بْنِ أَبِي حَزْمٍ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عِيسَى هَكَذَا رُوِيَ عَنْ بَعْضِ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ مِنْ أَصْحَابِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ وَغَيْرِهِمْ أَنَّهُمْ شَدَّدُوا فِي هَذَا فِي أَنْ يُفَسَّرَ الْقُرْآنُ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ ‏.‏ وَأَمَّا الَّذِي رُوِيَ عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ وَقَتَادَةَ وَغَيْرِهِمَا مِنْ أَهْلِ الْعِلْمِ أَنَّهُمْ فَسَّرُوا الْقُرْآنَ فَلَيْسَ الظَّنُّ بِهِمْ أَنَّهُمْ قَالُوا فِي الْقُرْآنِ أَوْ فَسَّرُوهُ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ أَوْ مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنْفُسِهِمْ وَقَدْ رُوِيَ عَنْهُمْ مَا يَدُلُّ عَلَى مَا قُلْنَا أَنَّهُمْ لَمْ يَقُولُوا مِنْ قِبَلِ أَنْفُسِهِمْ بِغَيْرِ عِلْمٍ ‏.‏ حَدَّثَنَا الْحُسَيْنُ بْنُ مَهْدِيٍّ الْبَصْرِيُّ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّزَّاقِ، عَنْ مَعْمَرٍ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، قَالَ مَا فِي الْقُرْآنِ آيَةٌ إِلاَّ وَقَدْ سَمِعْتُ فِيهَا بِشَيْءٍ ‏.‏ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي عُمَرَ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، قَالَ قَالَ مُجَاهِدٌ لَوْ كُنْتُ قَرَأْتُ قِرَاءَةَ ابْنِ مَسْعُودٍ لَمْ أَحْتَجْ إِلَى أَنْ أَسْأَلَ ابْنَ عَبَّاسٍ عَنْ كَثِيرٍ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ مِمَّا سَأَلْتُ
TOPICS
interpretation  *  knowledge  *  quran

QUICK LESSONS:
Seek guidance when trying to understand religious matters instead of relying solely on one's opinion or intellect ; Respect for religious texts such as The Holy Quran ; Using proper understanding and knowledge when interpreting religious texts .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith emphasizes the importance of not interpreting the Quran without knowledge. It is narrated by Jundab bin 'Abdullah that Prophet Muhammad said that whoever says something about the Qur’an according to his own opinion and he is correct yet he has committed a mistake. Imam At-Tirmidhi said this is how it has been reported from some of Prophet Muhammad's companions and others who were very stern about explaining the Qur’an without knowledge. However Mujahid Qatadah and other people of knowledge have interpreted it but they did not do so without proper understanding or according to their own intellect. Husain bin Mahdi Al Basri narrated from Abdur Razzaq from Ma'mar from Qatadah who said there is no Ayah in the Qur’an except that I have heard something about it while Ibn Abi Umar narrated from Sufyan bin Uyainah from Al A'mash who said Mujahid stated if you recite recitation of Ibn Masud you would not need to ask Ibn Abbas much regarding interpretation of Qur’an.

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