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Sunan Abi Dawud 4537 (Book 41, Hadith 44) #24828
Retaliation for Wrongdoing

SUMMARY: Umar (ra) warns his collectors of zakat not to take people's property or inflict physical punishment on them, and that if they do, he will take retaliation on them. He also mentions that the Prophet ﷺ gave himself retaliation.

Narrated Abu Firas: 'Umar b. al-Khattab (ra) addressed us and said: I did not send my collectors (of zakat) so that they strike your bodies and that they take your property. If that is done with someone and he appeals to me, I shall take retaliation on him. Amr ibn al-'As said: If any man (ie governor) inflicts disciplinary punishment on his subjects, would you take retaliation on him too? He said: Yes, by Him in Whose hand my soul is, I shall take retaliation on him. I saw that the Messenger of Allah has given retaliation on himself.
حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو صَالِحٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا أَبُو إِسْحَاقَ الْفَزَارِيُّ، عَنِ الْجُرَيْرِيِّ، عَنْ أَبِي نَضْرَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي فِرَاسٍ، قَالَ خَطَبَنَا عُمَرُ بْنُ الْخَطَّابِ رضى الله عنه فَقَالَ إِنِّي لَمْ أَبْعَثْ عُمَّالِي لِيَضْرِبُوا أَبْشَارَكُمْ وَلاَ لِيَأْخُذُوا أَمْوَالَكُمْ فَمَنْ فُعِلَ بِهِ ذَلِكَ فَلْيَرْفَعْهُ إِلَىَّ أَقُصُّهُ مِنْهُ قَالَ عَمْرُو بْنُ الْعَاصِ لَوْ أَنَّ رَجُلاً أَدَّبَ بَعْضَ رَعِيَّتِهِ أَتَقُصُّهُ مِنْهُ قَالَ إِي وَالَّذِي نَفْسِي بِيَدِهِ أَقُصُّهُ وَقَدْ رَأَيْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَقَصَّ مِنْ نَفْسِهِ

TOPICS
retaliation  *  punishment  *  property  *  qisas  *  diyya  *  amwal  *  zakat

QUICK LESSONS:
Obey laws and regulations set by authorities; Respect other people’s rights; Treat others fairly; Do good deeds; Follow Islamic teachings; Respect authority figures such as governors and leaders; Be just when dealing with others.

EXPLANATIONS:
In this hadith, Umar ibn al-Khattab is warning his collectors of zakat not to take people's property or inflict physical punishment on them. He states that if they do so, he will take qisas (retaliation) against them. This means that the wrongdoer must suffer a similar consequence as the one inflicted upon their victim in order for justice to be served. Furthermore, Umar mentions that even the Prophet Muhammad gave himself diyya (compensation/retribution). This shows us how important it is to uphold justice and fairness in our society by punishing those who commit wrongdoings with an equal consequence as their victims suffered from.

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