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Sunan Abi Dawud 3573 (Book 25, Hadith 3) #23863
Types of Judges and Their Fate

SUMMARY: This hadith explains that judges can be divided into three types, one of whom will go to Paradise and two to Hell depending on their knowledge and judgement.

Narrated Buraydah ibn al-Hasib: The Prophet ﷺ said: Judges are of three types, one of whom will go to Paradise and two to Hell. The one who will go to Paradise is a man who knows what is right and gives judgment accordingly; but a man who knows what is right and acts tyrannically in his judgment will go to Hell; and a man who gives judgment for people when he is ignorant will go to Hell. Abu Dawud said: On this subject this is the soundest tradition, that is, the tradition of Ibn Buraidah: Judges are of three types.
حَدَّثَنَا مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ حَسَّانَ السَّمْتِيُّ، حَدَّثَنَا خَلَفُ بْنُ خَلِيفَةَ، عَنْ أَبِي هَاشِمٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنِ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَالَ ‏"‏ الْقُضَاةُ ثَلاَثَةٌ وَاحِدٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ وَاثْنَانِ فِي النَّارِ فَأَمَّا الَّذِي فِي الْجَنَّةِ فَرَجُلٌ عَرَفَ الْحَقَّ فَقَضَى بِهِ وَرَجُلٌ عَرَفَ الْحَقَّ فَجَارَ فِي الْحُكْمِ فَهُوَ فِي النَّارِ وَرَجُلٌ قَضَى لِلنَّاسِ عَلَى جَهْلٍ فَهُوَ فِي النَّارِ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَهَذَا أَصَحُّ شَىْءٍ فِيهِ يَعْنِي حَدِيثَ ابْنِ بُرَيْدَةَ ‏"‏ الْقُضَاةُ ثَلاَثَةٌ
TOPICS
judgement  *  paradise  *  hell  *  knowledge  *  qadha  *  jannah  *  jahannam  *  ilm

QUICK LESSONS:
Strive for justice by being fair in our judgements even if we do not have complete information about a certain situation .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith explains the importance of knowledge when it comes to judging people. It states that there are three types of judges; those who know what is right and give judgement accordingly will go to paradise, those who know what is right but act tyrannically in their judgement will go to hell, and those who give judgement for people when they are ignorant will also go to hell. This hadith emphasizes the importance of having knowledge before making decisions or passing judgements as it can have a great impact on one's fate in the hereafter. It also teaches us that we should not judge others without understanding the situation fully or without having enough knowledge about it. Furthermore, this hadith encourages us to strive for justice by being fair in our judgements even if we do not have complete information about a certain situation.

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