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Sunan Abi Dawud 3308 (Book 22, Hadith 67) #23598
Fulfilling Vows After Death

SUMMARY: The hadith is about a woman who vowed to fast for one month if she reached her destination safely, but died before she could fulfill her vow. The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) then commanded that the woman's daughter or sister should fast on her behalf.

Narrated Abdullah ibn Abbas: A woman made a voyage and vowed that she would fast one month if Allah made her reach her destination with peace and security. Allah made her reach her destination with security but she died before she could fast. Her daughter or sister (the narrator doubted) came to the Messenger of Allah . So he commanded to fast on her behalf.
حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرُو بْنُ عَوْنٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا هُشَيْمٌ، عَنْ أَبِي بِشْرٍ، عَنْ سَعِيدِ بْنِ جُبَيْرٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، ‏:‏ أَنَّ امْرَأَةً، رَكِبَتِ الْبَحْرَ فَنَذَرَتْ إِنْ نَجَّاهَا اللَّهُ أَنْ تَصُومَ شَهْرًا، فَنَجَّاهَا اللَّهُ فَلَمْ تَصُمْ حَتَّى مَاتَتْ، فَجَاءَتِ ابْنَتُهَا أَوْ أُخْتُهَا إِلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ فَأَمَرَهَا أَنْ تَصُومَ عَنْهَا

TOPICS
vow  *  fasting  *  obligation  *  person

QUICK LESSONS:
Fulfill any vows or obligations you have made even after death through your loved ones if you are unable to do so yourself .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith speaks of a woman who made a journey and vowed to fast for one month if Allah granted her safety in reaching her destination. Allah granted the woman safety, however, she passed away before being able to fulfill her vow. When this was brought to the attention of Prophet Muhammad ﷺ, he commanded that someone else should fast on behalf of the deceased person. This hadith teaches us that even after death, it is important to fulfill any vows or obligations we have made as they are still binding upon us and must be fulfilled by our loved ones if we are unable to do so ourselves. It also teaches us about the importance of fulfilling our promises and obligations even after death as it is an act of piety and righteousness which will be rewarded by Allah SWT in both this world and hereafter.

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