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Sunan Abi Dawud 2953 (Book 20, Hadith 26) #23243
Fair Distribution of War Spoils

SUMMARY: The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) divided the spoils of war among his companions, giving two portions to married men and one portion to unmarried men.

Narrated 'Awf bin Malik: When the spoils (fai') came to the Messenger of Allah , he divided it that day ; he gave two portions to a married man and one to a bachelor. The narrator Ibn al-Musaffa added: We were summoned, and I would be summoned before 'Ammar. So I was summoned and he gave me two portions, for I had a family ; then 'Ammar b. Yasir was summoned after me and given one.
حَدَّثَنَا سَعِيدُ بْنُ مَنْصُورٍ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ الْمُبَارَكِ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ الْمُصَفَّى، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو الْمُغِيرَةِ، جَمِيعًا عَنْ صَفْوَانَ بْنِ عَمْرٍو، عَنْ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ بْنِ جُبَيْرِ بْنِ نُفَيْرٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَوْفِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ كَانَ إِذَا أَتَاهُ الْفَىْءُ قَسَمَهُ فِي يَوْمِهِ فَأَعْطَى الآهِلَ حَظَّيْنِ وَأَعْطَى الْعَزَبَ حَظًّا ‏.‏ زَادَ ابْنُ الْمُصَفَّى فَدُعِينَا وَكُنْتُ أُدْعَى قَبْلَ عَمَّارٍ فَدُعِيتُ فَأَعْطَانِي حَظَّيْنِ وَكَانَ لِي أَهْلٌ ثُمَّ دُعِيَ بَعْدِي عَمَّارُ بْنُ يَاسِرٍ فَأَعْطَى لَهُ حَظًّا وَاحِدًا

TOPICS
spoils  *  division  *  men  *  iiii

QUICK LESSONS:
Strive for justice in all your dealings with others; Show kindness towards those who are less fortunate; Help out people whenever possible; Treat everyone equally regardless of their marital status or any other factor.

EXPLANATIONS:
The hadith narrated by 'Awf bin Malik speaks about the fair distribution of war spoils among the companions of Prophet Muhammad (PBUH). When the spoils were brought to him, he divided it into two portions for married men and one portion for unmarried men. This shows that Prophet Muhammad was a just leader who ensured that everyone was treated fairly regardless of their marital status. He also showed kindness towards those with families by giving them more than those without families. This hadith teaches us that we should always strive to be fair in our dealings with others and not discriminate against anyone based on their marital status or any other factor. We should also show kindness towards those who are less fortunate than us and help them out whenever possible.

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