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Sunan Abi Dawud 2921 (Book 19, Hadith 37) #23211
Prioritizing Blood Relations in Inheritance

SUMMARY: This hadith explains that when two people make an agreement, the one who is related by blood has a higher priority in terms of inheritance.

Narrated Ibn 'Abbas: To those also, to whom your right hand was pledged, give their due portion. A man made an agreement with another man (in early days of Islam), and there was no relationship between the ; one of them inherited from the other. The following verse of Surat Al-Anfal abrogated it: "But kindred by blood have prior right against each other".
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ ثَابِتٍ، حَدَّثَنِي عَلِيُّ بْنُ حُسَيْنٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ يَزِيدَ النَّحْوِيِّ، عَنْ عِكْرِمَةَ، عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ، رضى الله عنهما قَالَ ‏{‏ وَالَّذِينَ عَقَدَتْ أَيْمَانُكُمْ فَآتُوهُمْ نَصِيبَهُمْ ‏}‏ كَانَ الرَّجُلُ يُحَالِفُ الرَّجُلَ لَيْسَ بَيْنَهُمَا نَسَبٌ فَيَرِثُ أَحَدُهُمَا الآخَرَ فَنَسَخَ ذَلِكَ الأَنْفَالُ فَقَالَ تَعَالَى ‏{‏ وَأُولُو الأَرْحَامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلَى بِبَعْضٍ

TOPICS
agreement  *  inheritance  *  relation  *  abrogation

QUICK LESSONS:
Prioritize family members, Be mindful of your agreements, Keep your promises/agreements.

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith explains the importance of prioritizing blood relations when it comes to inheritance. It was narrated by Ibn 'Abbas and is based on a verse from Surat Al-Anfal which states that "But kindred by blood have prior right against each other". This means that if two people make an agreement and one of them inherits from the other, then the one who is related by blood has a higher priority in terms of inheritance. The lesson here is to prioritize family members over others when it comes to matters such as inheritance. It also teaches us to be mindful of our agreements and not forget about them even if we are not related by blood.

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