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Sunan Abi Dawud 2698 (Book 15, Hadith 222) #22988
Returning Slaves to their Masters

SUMMARY: The Prophet Muhammad (PBUH) returned a runaway slave to his master, Ibn Umar, and did not distribute him as part of the booty.

Narrated Abdullah ibn Umar: Nafi' said that a slave of Ibn Umar ran away to the enemy, and then the Muslims overpowered them. The Messenger of Allah returned him to Ibn Umar and that was not distributed (as a part of booty). Abu Dawud said: The other narrators said: Khalid b. al-Walid returned him to him (Ibd 'Umar).
حَدَّثَنَا صَالِحُ بْنُ سُهَيْلٍ، حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى، - يَعْنِي ابْنَ أَبِي زَائِدَةَ - عَنْ عُبَيْدِ اللَّهِ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، عَنِ ابْنِ عُمَرَ، أَنَّ غُلاَمًا، لاِبْنِ عُمَرَ أَبَقَ إِلَى الْعَدُوِّ فَظَهَرَ عَلَيْهِ الْمُسْلِمُونَ فَرَدَّهُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ إِلَى ابْنِ عُمَرَ وَلَمْ يُقْسَمْ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو دَاوُدَ وَقَالَ غَيْرُهُ رَدَّهُ عَلَيْهِ خَالِدُ بْنُ الْوَلِيدِ

TOPICS
slavery  *  return  *  booty  *  ikraah  *  sariqah  *  faih  *  muhammad

QUICK LESSONS:
Respect people’s rights & property ; Make decisions based on justice ; Show compassion & mercy ; Treat everyone equally before law .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about the Prophet Muhammad's (PBUH) decision to return a runaway slave back to his master, Ibn Umar. The slave had run away from Ibn Umar and gone over to the enemy side but was later captured by the Muslims in battle. Instead of distributing him as part of the booty, which was customary at that time, the Prophet Muhammad decided that it would be better for him to be returned back to his original owner. This shows us that even though slavery was practiced during this time period, it was still important for people's rights and property rights were respected and upheld by Islamic law. It also teaches us that justice should always prevail over greed or personal gain when making decisions in life.

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