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Sunan Abi Dawud 2406 (Book 14, Hadith 94) #22697
Fasting While Travelling According to the Prophet Muhammad

SUMMARY: The hadith is about the Prophet Muhammad's advice to his companions on fasting while travelling. He advised them to break their fast if it would bring them more strength for battle.

Narrated Qaza'ah: I came to Abu Sa'id al-Khudri while he was giving his legal opinion to the people who bent down on him. So I waited to see hi when he was alone. When he became alone, I asked him about keeping fast while travelling. He said: we went out along with the Prophet ﷺ in Ramadan in the year of conquest of Mecca. The Messenger of Allah ﷺ fasted and we fasted until he reached a certain stage. He said: You have come near your enemy; the breaking of fast will bring you more strength. Then morning came when some of us fasted and other broke their fast. He (Abu Sa'id al-Khudri) said: We then proceeded and alighted at a stage. He said: You are going to attack your enemy tomorrow morning ; breaking the fast will bring you more strength ; so break your fast (ie do not keep fast). This resolution (of breaking the fast) took place (due to the announcement) from the Messenger of Allah ﷺ. Abu Sa'id said: Then I found myself keeping fast along with the Prophet ﷺ before and after that.
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ صَالِحٍ، وَوَهْبُ بْنُ بَيَانٍ، - الْمَعْنَى - قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، حَدَّثَنِي مُعَاوِيَةُ، عَنْ رَبِيعَةَ بْنِ يَزِيدَ، أَنَّهُ حَدَّثَهُ عَنْ قَزَعَةَ، قَالَ أَتَيْتُ أَبَا سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيَّ وَهُوَ يُفْتِي النَّاسَ وَهُمْ مُكِبُّونَ عَلَيْهِ فَانْتَظَرْتُ خَلْوَتَهُ فَلَمَّا خَلاَ سَأَلْتُهُ عَنْ صِيَامِ رَمَضَانَ فِي السَّفَرِ فَقَالَ خَرَجْنَا مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ فِي رَمَضَانَ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ فَكَانَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ يَصُومُ وَنَصُومُ حَتَّى بَلَغَ مَنْزِلاً مِنَ الْمَنَازِلِ فَقَالَ ‏"‏ إِنَّكُمْ قَدْ دَنَوْتُمْ مِنْ عَدُوِّكُمْ وَالْفِطْرُ أَقْوَى لَكُمْ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَأَصْبَحْنَا مِنَّا الصَّائِمُ وَمِنَّا الْمُفْطِرُ - قَالَ - ثُمَّ سِرْنَا فَنَزَلْنَا مَنْزِلاً فَقَالَ ‏"‏ إِنَّكُمْ تُصَبِّحُونَ عَدُوَّكُمْ وَالْفِطْرُ أَقْوَى لَكُمْ فَأَفْطِرُوا ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَكَانَتْ عَزِيمَةً مِنْ رَسُولِ اللَّهِ ﷺ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو سَعِيدٍ ثُمَّ لَقَدْ رَأَيْتُنِي أَصُومُ مَعَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ قَبْلَ ذَلِكَ وَبَعْدَ ذَلِكَ
TOPICS
fasting  *  travelling  *  strength  *  battle  *  siyam  *  safar  *  quwwah  *  qital

QUICK LESSONS:
Prioritize health over religious obligations ; Prepare oneself physically & mentally ; Follow Islamic laws even during difficult times ; Take care of oneself spiritually & emotionally .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about the Prophet Muhammad's advice to his companions on fasting while travelling. During a journey, he advised them that breaking their fast would bring them more strength for battle. This was due to the fact that they were close to their enemy and needed all of their energy in order to fight effectively. The Prophet himself broke his fast during this journey, as well as before and after it, showing that he was not opposed to breaking one's fast when necessary in order for one's strength and energy levels remain high enough for battle or other strenuous activities. This hadith teaches us that we should prioritize our health and wellbeing over religious obligations when necessary, as long as we are not violating any Islamic laws or teachings in doing so. It also shows us how important it is for us to be prepared physically and mentally when facing difficult tasks or challenges in life, such as battles or exams!

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