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Sunan Abi Dawud 89 (Book 1, Hadith 89) #20380
Praying During Meals and Struggling with Two Evils

SUMMARY: It is not permissible to pray when one is eating or struggling with two evils.

Narrated 'Abd Allaah b. Muhammad: We were in the company of 'Aishah. When her food was brought in, al-Qasim stood up to say his prayer. Thereupon , 'Aishah said : I heard the Messenger of Allaah (sal Allaahu alayhi wa sallam) say: Prayer should not be offered in presence of meals, nor at the moment when one is struggling with two evils (eg when one is feeling the call of nature)
حَدَّثَنَا أَحْمَدُ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ، وَمُسَدَّدٌ، وَمُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِيسَى، - الْمَعْنَى - قَالُوا حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ سَعِيدٍ، عَنْ أَبِي حَزْرَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ، - قَالَ ابْنُ عِيسَى فِي حَدِيثِهِ ابْنُ أَبِي بَكْرٍ ثُمَّ اتَّفَقُوا أَخُو الْقَاسِمِ بْنِ مُحَمَّدٍ - قَالَ كُنَّا عِنْدَ عَائِشَةَ فَجِيءَ بِطَعَامِهَا فَقَامَ الْقَاسِمُ يُصَلِّي فَقَالَتْ سَمِعْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ ‏ "‏ لاَ يُصَلَّى بِحَضْرَةِ الطَّعَامِ وَلاَ وَهُوَ يُدَافِعُهُ الأَخْبَثَانِ

TOPICS
prayer  *  eating  *  struggling  *  evils

QUICK LESSONS:
Respect for prayer by avoiding distractions such as eating or being in a state where one cannot concentrate on their prayers due to other needs .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith explains that it is not permissible to pray when one is eating or struggling with two evils. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ taught us that we should not offer prayer in the presence of meals nor at the moment when one is feeling the call of nature. This hadith teaches us to be mindful of our actions and respect for prayer by avoiding distractions such as eating or being in a state where we are unable to concentrate on our prayers due to other needs. We should also be aware of our surroundings and make sure that we are in a place where we can focus on our prayers without any distractions.

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