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Sahih al-Bukhari 2053 (Book 34, Hadith 7) #1970
Dispute Over Custody of Son

SUMMARY: The hadith is about a dispute between two brothers over the custody of a son born to a slave-girl. The Prophet (ﷺ) ruled that the boy should be given to the brother who was on whose bed he was born, and that those who committed illegal sexual intercourse should be deprived.

Narrated Aisha: 'Utba bin Abu Waqqas took a firm promise from his brother Sa'd bin Abu Waqqas to take the son of the slave-girl of Zam'a into his custody as he was his (ie 'Utba's) son. In the year of the Conquest (of Mecca) Sa'd bin Abu Waqqas took him, and said that he was his brother's son, and his brother took a promise from him to that effect'.Abu bin Zam'a got up and said, "He is my brother and the son of the slave-girl of my father and was born on my father's bed". Then they both went to the Prophet Sa'd said, "O Allah's Messenger ! He is the son of my brother and he has taken a promise from me that I will take him"'.Abu bin Zam'a said, "(He is) my brother and the son of my father's slave-girl and was born on my father's bed". Allah's Messenger said, "The boy is for you. O 'Abu bin Zam'a". Then the Prophet said, "The son is for the bed (ie the man on whose bed he was born) and stones (disappointment and deprivation) for the one who has done illegal sexual intercourse". The Prophet told his wife Sauda bint Zam'a to screen herself from that boy as he noticed a similarity between the boy and 'Utba. So, the boy did not see her till he died.
حَدَّثَنَا يَحْيَى بْنُ قَزَعَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا مَالِكٌ، عَنِ ابْنِ شِهَابٍ، عَنْ عُرْوَةَ بْنِ الزُّبَيْرِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ ـ رضى الله عنها ـ قَالَتْ كَانَ عُتْبَةُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ عَهِدَ إِلَى أَخِيهِ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ أَنَّ ابْنَ وَلِيدَةِ زَمْعَةَ مِنِّي فَاقْبِضْهُ‏.‏ قَالَتْ فَلَمَّا كَانَ عَامَ الْفَتْحِ أَخَذَهُ سَعْدُ بْنُ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ وَقَالَ ابْنُ أَخِي، قَدْ عَهِدَ إِلَىَّ فِيهِ‏.‏ فَقَامَ عَبْدُ بْنُ زَمْعَةَ، فَقَالَ أَخِي، وَابْنُ وَلِيدَةِ أَبِي، وُلِدَ عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ‏.‏ فَتَسَاوَقَا إِلَى النَّبِيِّ ‏.‏ فَقَالَ سَعْدٌ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، ابْنُ أَخِي، كَانَ قَدْ عَهِدَ إِلَىَّ فِيهِ‏.‏ فَقَالَ عَبْدُ بْنُ زَمْعَةَ أَخِي وَابْنُ وَلِيدَةِ أَبِي، وُلِدَ عَلَى فِرَاشِهِ‏.‏ فَقَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ‏"‏ هُوَ لَكَ يَا عَبْدُ بْنَ زَمْعَةَ ‏"‏‏.‏ ثُمَّ قَالَ النَّبِيُّ ‏"‏ الْوَلَدُ لِلْفِرَاشِ، وَلِلْعَاهِرِ الْحَجَرُ ‏"‏‏.‏ ثُمَّ قَالَ لِسَوْدَةَ بِنْتِ زَمْعَةَ زَوْجِ النَّبِيِّ ‏"‏ احْتَجِبِي مِنْهُ ‏"‏‏.‏ لِمَا رَأَى مِنْ شَبَهِهِ بِعُتْبَةَ، فَمَا رَآهَا حَتَّى لَقِيَ اللَّهَ‏.‏

TOPICS
wad  *  custody  *  promise  *  intercourse  *  deprivation  *  qana  *  zin  *  istiqq

QUICK LESSONS:
Keep your promises and fulfill your obligations towards others in order to maintain justice in society .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith discusses an important issue regarding custody of children, which is still relevant today. It tells us that when there is a dispute over the custody of a child, it should be given to the person on whose bed he or she was born. Furthermore, it teaches us that those who commit illegal sexual intercourse should be deprived from their rights and privileges as punishment for their actions. This hadith also shows us how important it is for people to keep their promises and fulfill their obligations towards others in order to maintain justice in society.

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