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Sunan an-Nasai 4730 (Book 45, Hadith 25) #19263
Forgiveness and Retribution

SUMMARY: The Prophet advised a man to forgive the killer of his kinsman, but when he refused, the Prophet told him to take the Diyah or kill him as he was just like him.

It was narrated from Ans bin Malik that a man brought the killer of his kinsman to the Messenger of Allah and the Prophet said: "Forgive him". But he refused. He said: "Take the Diyah," but he refused. He said: "Go and kill him then, for you are just like him". So he went away, but some people caught up with the man and told him that the Messenger of Allah had said: "Messenger of Allah had said: "Kill him for you are just like him". So he let him go, and the man passed by me dragging his string.
أَخْبَرَنَا عِيسَى بْنُ يُونُسَ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنَا ضَمْرَةُ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ بْنِ شَوْذَبٍ، عَنْ ثَابِتٍ الْبُنَانِيِّ، عَنْ أَنَسِ بْنِ مَالِكٍ، أَنَّ رَجُلاً، أَتَى بِقَاتِلِ وَلِيِّهِ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ فَقَالَ النَّبِيُّ ‏"‏ اعْفُ عَنْهُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَأَبَى فَقَالَ ‏"‏ خُذِ الدِّيَةَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَأَبَى قَالَ ‏"‏ اذْهَبْ فَاقْتُلْهُ فَإِنَّكَ مِثْلَهُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَذَهَبَ فَلُحِقَ الرَّجُلُ فَقِيلَ لَهُ إِنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ قَالَ ‏"‏ اقْتُلْهُ فَإِنَّكَ مِثْلَهُ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ فَخَلَّى سَبِيلَهُ فَمَرَّ بِيَ الرَّجُلُ وَهُوَ يَجُرُّ نِسْعَتَهُ

TOPICS
forgiveness  *  retribution  *  afuw  *  qisas  *  diyat  *  diyah

QUICK LESSONS:
Encourage forgiveness between people; Accept blood money/compensation instead of revenge; Seek justice through legal means; Respect equality among all people regardless of status or wealth; Show mercy towards others even if wronged by them; Follow teachings of Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) .

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith is about forgiveness and retribution. It narrates an incident where a man brought the killer of his kinsman to the Messenger of Allah and asked for justice. The Prophet advised him to forgive the killer, but when he refused, he was told that if he could not forgive then take Diyah or blood money as compensation instead. When even this was refused by the man, then it was said that if one cannot forgive nor accept compensation then they are just like their enemy and should kill them in retaliation. In this hadith we learn that forgiveness is highly encouraged in Islam as it brings peace between people and prevents further bloodshed. However, if one cannot bring themselves to do so then they can seek retribution through taking blood money or killing their enemy in return for what has been done against them.

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