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Sahih al-Bukhari 1975 (Book 30, Hadith 82) #1895
Moderation in Fasting

SUMMARY: The Prophet (ﷺ) advised Abdullah bin 'Amr bin Al-'As to not fast excessively and instead to fast three days a month, as the reward of a good deed is multiplied ten times.

Narrated 'Abdullah bin 'Amr bin Al-'As: Allah's Messenger ﷺ said to me, "O 'Abdullah! Have I not been informed that you fast during the day and offer prayers all the night"'.Abdullah replied, "Yes, O Allah's Messenger ﷺ!" The Prophet ﷺ said, "Don't do that; fast for few days and then give it up for few days, offer prayers and also sleep at night, as your body has a right on you, and your wife has a right on you, and your guest has a right on you. And it is sufficient for you to fast three days in a month, as the reward of a good deed is multiplied ten times, so it will be like fasting throughout the year". I insisted (on fasting) and so I was given a hard instruction. I said, "O Allah's Messenger ﷺ! I have power". The Prophet ﷺ said, "Fast like the fasting of the Prophet ﷺ David and do not fast more than that". I said, "How was the fasting of the Prophet ﷺ of Allah, David?" He said, "Half of the year," (ie he used to fast on every alternate day). Afterwards when 'Abdullah became old, he used to say, "It would have been better for me if I had accepted the permission of the Prophet (which he gave me ie to fast only three days a month).
حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ مُقَاتِلٍ، أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدُ اللَّهِ، أَخْبَرَنَا الأَوْزَاعِيُّ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي يَحْيَى بْنُ أَبِي كَثِيرٍ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي أَبُو سَلَمَةَ بْنُ عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ، قَالَ حَدَّثَنِي عَبْدُ اللَّهِ بْنُ عَمْرِو بْنِ الْعَاصِ ـ رضى الله عنهما ـ قَالَ لِي رَسُولُ اللَّهِ ﷺ ‏"‏ يَا عَبْدَ اللَّهِ أَلَمْ أُخْبَرْ أَنَّكَ تَصُومُ النَّهَارَ وَتَقُومُ اللَّيْلَ ‏"‏‏.‏ فَقُلْتُ بَلَى يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ فَلاَ تَفْعَلْ، صُمْ وَأَفْطِرْ، وَقُمْ وَنَمْ، فَإِنَّ لِجَسَدِكَ عَلَيْكَ حَقًّا، وَإِنَّ لِعَيْنِكَ عَلَيْكَ حَقًّا، وَإِنَّ لِزَوْجِكَ عَلَيْكَ حَقًّا، وَإِنَّ لِزَوْرِكَ عَلَيْكَ حَقًّا، وَإِنَّ بِحَسْبِكَ أَنْ تَصُومَ كُلَّ شَهْرٍ ثَلاَثَةَ أَيَّامٍ، فَإِنَّ لَكَ بِكُلِّ حَسَنَةٍ عَشْرَ أَمْثَالِهَا، فَإِنَّ ذَلِكَ صِيَامُ الدَّهْرِ كُلِّهِ ‏"‏‏.‏ فَشَدَّدْتُ، فَشُدِّدَ عَلَىَّ، قُلْتُ يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، إِنِّي أَجِدُ قُوَّةً‏.‏ قَالَ ‏"‏ فَصُمْ صِيَامَ نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ دَاوُدَ عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ وَلاَ تَزِدْ عَلَيْهِ ‏"‏‏.‏ قُلْتُ وَمَا كَانَ صِيَامُ نَبِيِّ اللَّهِ دَاوُدَ ـ عَلَيْهِ السَّلاَمُ ـ قَالَ ‏"‏ نِصْفَ الدَّهْرِ ‏"‏‏.‏ فَكَانَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ يَقُولُ بَعْدَ مَا كَبِرَ يَا لَيْتَنِي قَبِلْتُ رُخْصَةَ النَّبِيِّ ﷺ ‏.‏
TOPICS
moderation  *  fasting  *  reward  *  david  *  istiqdm  *  sawm  *  thawb

QUICK LESSONS:
Fast three days a month; Take care of your body; Spend quality time with family; Strive for balance in all aspects of life

EXPLANATIONS:
This hadith speaks about moderation in fasting. The Prophet Muhammad ﷺ advised Abdullah bin 'Amr bin Al-'As to not fast excessively and instead to fast three days a month, as the reward of a good deed is multiplied ten times. This hadith also mentions that even the Prophet David used to only fast half of the year, which was every alternate day. It is important for us to remember that our bodies have rights over us too and we should take care of them by eating healthy meals and getting enough rest. We should also remember that our families have rights over us too, so it's important for us to spend quality time with them and make sure they are taken care of properly. We should strive for balance in all aspects of life so that we can be successful both spiritually and physically.

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