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Sunan an-Nasai 4015 (Book 37, Hadith 50) #18548
The Most Grievous Sin

SUMMARY: The most grievous sin is shirk, which is setting up a rival to Allah, as well as adultery, killing one's child out of fear of poverty and invoking any other god besides Allah.

It was narrated that 'Abdullah said: "I asked the Messenger of Allah SAW, which sin is most grievous?" He said: "Shirk, setting up a rival to Allah, committing adultery with your neighbor's wife, and killing your child for fear of poverty, and that he may eat with you". Then 'Abdullah recited the Verse: "And those who invoke not any other Ilah (god) along with Allah".
أَخْبَرَنَا عَبْدَةُ، قَالَ أَنْبَأَنَا يَزِيدُ، قَالَ أَنْبَأَنَا شُعْبَةُ، عَنْ عَاصِمٍ، عَنْ أَبِي وَائِلٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللَّهِ، قَالَ سَأَلْتُ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ أَىُّ الذَّنْبِ أَعْظَمُ قَالَ ‏"‏ الشِّرْكُ أَنْ تَجْعَلَ لِلَّهِ نِدًّا وَأَنْ تُزَانِيَ بِحَلِيلَةِ جَارِكَ وَأَنْ تَقْتُلَ وَلَدَكَ مَخَافَةَ الْفَقْرِ أَنْ يَأْكُلَ مَعَكَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ ثُمَّ قَرَأَ عَبْدُ اللَّهِ ‏{‏ وَالَّذِينَ لاَ يَدْعُونَ مَعَ اللَّهِ إِلَهًا آخَرَ ‏}‏ ‏.‏ قَالَ أَبُو عَبْدِ الرَّحْمَنِ هَذَا خَطَأٌ وَالصَّوَابُ الَّذِي قَبْلَهُ وَحَدِيثُ يَزِيدَ هَذَا خَطَأٌ إِنَّمَا هُوَ وَاصِلٌ وَاللَّهُ تَعَالَى أَعْلَمُ

TOPICS
shirk  *  adultery  *  killing  *  poverty  *  invoking

QUICK LESSONS:
Worship only God Alone; Avoid major sins such as adultery and murder; Put your trust in God Alone; Do not invoke any other gods besides Him; Have faith that He will provide for you even if you are poor .

EXPLANATIONS:
In this hadith, the Prophet Muhammad [SAW] was asked what the most grievous sin was. He replied that it was shirk or polytheism - setting up a rival to Allah. This means worshipping anyone or anything other than Allah alone. He also mentioned three other sins that are considered very serious in Islam - adultery with one's neighbor's wife, killing one's own child out of fear of poverty and invoking any other god besides Allah. These sins are all considered major transgressions in Islam and should be avoided at all costs. It is important to remember that only Allah has the power to provide for us and protect us from harm; no one else can do this for us. We must always put our trust in Him alone and not rely on anyone else for our needs or safety.

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